In English language the word "computer" means "computer".That is the purpose of the complex calculations created the first computer.
history of the computer, paradoxically, has its roots in antiquity.Of course, the first computational tools do not go to any comparison with modern, but it is with them and begins the creation of computer technology.The first instrument that helps people believed to have been known by all accounts.
Ancient abacus is a wooden plate, sprinkled with sand.In Russia, as the main tool for simple calculations and computations used the bone, laid in heaps.However, from the time of Russia will take many more centuries before we came close to the creation of the computer.
first generation of computers associated with the names of John von Neumann, Claude Shannon and Alan Turing - the doctrine of direct relevance to the development of computer technology.Most of the first computers were created in the period from 1945 to 1954 as an experiment to test some theoretical propositions.At the same time it receives a new development, which has direct relevance to information technology, science - cybernetics.Until the 60s of the 20th century under the implied cybernetics, the science associated with the development of computer technology, including its most promising direction - robotics and artificial intelligence invention.The first generation of computers created on the basis of the work of vacuum tubes (similar to those used in the old televisions), computers, mid-20th century is enormous, to accommodate them required a separate room.
Evolution computer includes five basic steps.Why are more likely to be seen precisely during the creation of the first generation of computers?We do not take into account the computation of the invention of our ancestors, because they are, in fact, have no relation to the emergence of electronic computers.The creation of the first computers, which is the prototype of the modern computer, is essential for such a science, as a science, as a whole.
Milestones computer:
- 1945-1954 GG - the creation of the first computer-based design development of computer technology, John von Neumann - the first generation of computers;
- 1955-1964 GG - the creation of the second generation of computers based on transistors, implementing them in the first operating system, the development of programming languages: Cobol, Algol, Fortran, the emergence of computers in the sale;
- 1965-1974 GG - the invention of microchips, the beginning of the use of the semiconductor memory (RAM) in the computer, the beginning of large-scale production of computers.
time from 1975 to 1985 is a period of calm in the development of electro-computers.
Since 1985 began a period of development of the fourth generation of computers, computer equipment improvement by increasing its capacity and reducing the size, mass production and accessibility of computers.
fifth generation of computers in terms of Japanese scientists suggests the improvement of existing models of computers and the creation of computer technology, the ability to understand user commands at the level of its thinking.No matter who carries out the grandiose plans of foreign inventors or not, the first generation of computers has played a very important role in the development of information technologies of the future.The first computer, occupying a vast territory and presents us with a real monster, anyway, is the prototype of all our usual PC.Without the existence of the invention of laptops, netbooks, tablets, etc.It would be impossible.
