external and internal policies of Ivan the Terrible is characterized as a very progressive.As is known, while Russia has been in a constant battle with Lithuania and Poland.In addition, within the country from time to time there were riots, rebellion.The State needed a strong army.In 1550 it was formed Strelets troops.It is a powerful force to support the authorities of the state.Military Charter was first released in 1556.As a result of the military reform, at the end of the 16th century Russian army numbered more than 100 thousand soldiers.Conversion of Ivan the Terrible greatly strengthened military position of the state.
Foreign policy of Ivan the Terrible was conducted in three main directions.The first king fought for the way to the Baltic Sea in the west.In the East, there was a struggle with the Astrakhan and Kazan Khanate.In the south of Ivan the Terrible he defended borders and protect Russian territory from the invasion of the Crimean Tatars.
King in 1552 Kazan was taken.This event was of great importance in the history of the state.Since that time, Kazan khans ceased attacks on Russian soil.From captivity have been released thousands of Russian.In 1556 it was taken and the Astrakhan Khanate.As a result of these and subsequent gains of Ivan the Terrible was able to firmly entrenched in the Volga region, began active development of Siberia.
should be noted that in the western direction the king decided the main problem.Engage in a long Livonian War, Ivan the Terrible was not able to open the way for Russia to the Baltic Sea.
internal policies of Ivan the Terrible was mainly aimed at enslaving the peasants, strengthening the apparatus of power.To suppress the resistance boyars, undermining the economic foundations of the class system was made up.Domestic policy of Ivan the Terrible intend to divide the state on zemshchina, headed by the Boyar Duma and the oprichnina, which ruled the king.Last greatly weakened the role of the boyars, eradicating the vestiges of feudalism.In general, the oprichnina had a positive value.However, the method used oprichnina army, contributed to the destruction of the state's economy, as accompanied by the destruction and cruelty.Thus, a rise in prices has decreased the production of goods and products, and in the 16th century (in the second half) in Russia marked a deep economic decline.
Selected Rada was formed - a new government.Later, with her participation will take place almost all the internal policies of Ivan the Terrible.
King implement changes in the central organs of the state apparatus.Orders have been created - new controls.Each order has its own specialization in their jurisdiction were the courts, tax collection, law enforcement and other activities.
internal policies of Ivan the Terrible was also aimed at reforms in the judicial sector.So, in 1550, he released a new Code of Law.It establishes liability for bribery, reflected changes in the tax system.
need to be converted, and local.In 1556, the king canceled the feeding system.In general, changes in local government facilitated the inflow of additional funds to the treasury of the country.At the same time, and it strengthened the position of the nobility.
During the reign of John Vasilyevich 4 were carried out reforms in the church.The reforms were unified canons, religious rites.Along with this was limited and monastic estates.
a result of reforms carried out in the era of his reign of Ivan the Terrible in the state has increased the centralization of state power, the system of local and central government has become more effective.In addition, increased military power of Russia.However, with this increased enslavement of the peasant population.
