reign of Nicholas 1 began the suppression of the Decembrist uprising in 1825, December 14.Reign ended during the Crimean War, during the defense of Sevastopol in 1855, in February.
at all levels of government Mykola 1 sought to establish maximum duty, giving the structure of the "appropriateness and harmony."
As a priority, the king saw the strengthening of the bureaucratic police department.Reforms of Nicholas 1 in this area consisted in the fight against revolutionary movements, to strengthen the autocratic order.Implementation of these ideas, the king saw the consistent implementation of militarization, centralization and bureaucratization.Reforms of Nicholas 1, in short, contributed to the formation elaborate system of comprehensive state intervention in the cultural, economic, social and political life of the country.
At the same time the king sought to personal control over all forms of public administration, as well as to concentrate in their hands the decision public and private, and public affairs, without the involvement of the relevant departments and ministries.In this regard, we created numerous secret commissions and committees that are directly administered by the governor and is often replaced by the ministry.
Reform Nikolay 1 affected the office.Expanding, the agency was a reflection of the regime of monarchical power.
great importance was the publication pyatnadtsatitomnogo "Code of Laws" in 1832.Russian legislation has been ordered, the absolutism of the country was more solid and clear legal and regulatory framework.However, this was not followed by any change of any political or social structure of feudal Russia.
Reform Nicholas touched 1 of the Third Branch of the Immediate Office.Under his direction, the gendarme corps was established.As a result, the entire country (except for the area of the Caucasus, the Don Cossacks, Finland and Poland) was divided into five, then eight districts under the control of the gendarmerie generals.
Thus, the Third Division was reported to the emperor of the slightest changes in the attitudes of the people.In addition, the responsibilities of the audit of the state was part of a system of local and central administration, identification of corruption and arbitrariness, Accountability, and more.
main danger "dissent" and "free-thinking" lurked in the press and education.So says Nikolay 1. Reforms in education began in the king's ascension to the throne.The emperor believed that the Decembrist uprising was the result of "false educational system."
Thus, from 1827, it was banned adoption of serfs in universities and school.In 1828 it was published "Articles of Association of the Schools" and in 1835 - "University Charter".
Reform Nikolay 1 reflected in censorship.In 1828, new rules were introduced.They certainly softened previously adopted, but included a large number of restrictions and prohibitions.1 Nicholas considered combat journalism one of the main tasks.Since then, the banned edition appeared many magazines.
In the second quarter of the 19th century, the island got the peasant question in the country.Nicholas 1 reformed the state of the village.However, the changes were very controversial.Of course, on the one hand provided support entrepreneurship, prosperous part of the village.However, with this increased the burden of taxes.As a result, changes in the population of the village government responded with mass uprisings.
In the period from 1839 to 1843 was a monetary reform, which resulted in a ruble loan was approved, which was equal to one ruble silver.This transformation has strengthened the financial structure of the country.
last years of the reign of his contemporaries were called "dismal seventh anniversary."The government at that time took measures to stop the communication of Russian and Western people.Entry to Russia for foreigners, as well as exit from the Russian was actually forbidden (except it was approved by the central government).
