In the early 20th century in Russia was mainly agrarian question.While the tsarist government adhered to economic policy, which was directed more towards maintenance of noble tenure, is in decline.The government has sought to actively intervene in the relationship between peasant and landlord, resorting to various measures to "police" the purpose - to weaken the peasant opposition, defending the interests of the landlords.
After convening a new Duma Chairman of the Council of Ministers appointed by Pyotr Stolypin.The position, which was then Russia, demanded radical changes.The man who would be able to carry them out, and began to Stolypin.The changes began in the early 1900s.
Stolypin agrarian reforms implemented by decree in 1906 of 9 November.
Goals pursued few new changes.
Stolypin reforms, first of all, were aimed at creating a solid foundation in the villages of strong owners who would support the monarchy.To achieve this supposed split the peasantry.In other words, strong farms, cleaved from the bulk had to hold back the onslaught of the revolution in the countryside.
second goal pursued by Stolypin's reforms, - social and economic - was an effort to destroy the community, to develop the private sector.Labor, which turned out to excess, be dedicated to the maintenance of a rapidly developing industry in the city.
third objective - economic - was to ensure the development of agriculture and further industrialization in the country.
Thus Stolypin and his reforms have eliminated the gap between Russia and the advanced countries of the world.
changes were to be made under the scheme, including ongoing series and related events.The main areas of Stolypin's reforms were:
- the formation of private property;
- removal of communities;
- education of the peasant bank;
- the cooperative movement;
- resettlement of peasants;
- agrokulturnogo event.
Decree of November 9, introduced significant changes in the peasant land tenure.People have got the right to withdraw from the community with fixing every released land.It should be noted that not all farmers were agreed for the coming changes.The government therefore has taken steps to eliminate the violent communities.
according to the king in the years 1906-07 Peasant Bank was part of crown and state lands.It expected to sell plots of land to make up for the deficit.Farmers thus been reduced significantly enough credit, they consider the benefits.With banks carry out active influence.So, for the peasants buy the land for private use, payments were reduced.
Farmers are also entitled to relocation without any restrictions.At the same time the government acted banknotes device people in new places.Resettled farmers provide medical care covered by public spending, the construction of roads.
Credit relations allowed to develop consumer, sales, production cooperatives.Peasants were created oily and dairy cooperatives, consumer shops, agricultural society.
The main obstacle to the development of economic progress considered low culture of agriculture, as well as ignorance of the majority of manufacturers.During a wide-ranging reforms, farmers received aid in the form of evolving especially agro services.The work of these organizations was aimed at training courses on introduction of advanced and studying the intricacies of the existing forms of production.
despite extensive prospective changes, they have failed.The reasons due to which conceived the course has not been realized, many factors are considered.Among them, of course, the death of Stolypin.Moreover, historians have noted the limitations of the peasantry, its unwillingness to change.However, if Stolypin's reforms were realized, then, according to the researchers, Russia would have avoided the October Revolution.
