In the 13th century Russia was forced to lead a hard enough fight against various foreign invaders.In a state with East attacked the Tatar-Mongol invaders.From the West, the Russian land experienced aggression by the Crusaders - Danish, Swedish and German knights.
outcome of the confrontation was largely the determining factor in the historical destiny of the peoples of Russia, influenced by their state, economic and political development later, and led to quite significant changes in the political and ethnic map of Central Asia and Eastern Europe.
Tatar-Mongol yoke was for the Russian powers most devastating foreign invasion.The Golden Horde permanently suspended economic development, culture undermined, ruined agriculture.
Tatar-Mongol yoke in Russia led to the fall of the value of cities in political and public life.Devastation, fires, trapping literate artisans provoked the disappearance of many complex jobs on a very long period.Consequences of the Mongol-Tatar yoke destructively affected the applied and fine arts.For a long time it was suspended construction in cities.
One of the most serious consequences is considered to be strengthening in Russia fragmentation, isolation of certain areas in the state.Loose power could not defend some southern and western regions, who captured the Lithuanian and Polish feudal lords.Tatar-Mongol yoke serious blow to the commercial relations of the state with the West.Save them only managed to Smolensk, Polotsk, Vitebsk, Pskov and Novgorod.
As a result of the invasion of the Tatars sharply reduced the number of the Russian population.In particular, this affected cities.Killed a lot of people, not fewer were enslaved.Some of the destroyed villages and towns have never been able to recover.The terrorists killed many princes.Death feudal permanently suspended the formation and development of agriculture.
revival of destroyed villages and towns in many ways was difficult.Tatar-Mongol yoke oblige people to pay tribute to the impossible.A considerable amount of national income went to the Horde.
country has been weakened by constant and prolonged opposition onslaught of invaders.To some extent the Russian lands held back the long march of the Golden Horde.
Despite all the hardships, the Russian people could preserve their national independence and identity, moreover, could not resist and, ultimately, drive the enemy from their land.
Tatar-Mongol yoke, mainly expressed in the payment of tribute.It should be noted that in contrast to the Caspian states, the Northern Black Sea and Central Asia, the Golden Horde did not apply for direct inclusion in the structure of the Russian lands.
In the late 13th century, the Horde was forced to shift the collection of tribute to the Russian princes.This happened due to the numerous popular demonstrations against the tax collectors (Baskakov).Baskakov were subsequently withdrawn from all Russian cities.This reduced the possibility of the Horde to interfere in the internal political development of Russia.
Tatars tried not to infringe on the religious life of the people trapped.They are in some ways is tolerant of other religions.Most Russian clergy is an ally of the Horde.This is due to the fact that the Orthodox Church is against Catholics.The Pope, in turn, was an enemy of the Mongol-Tatars.In addition, the first time the Russian clergy supported the princes who were willing to coexist with the Horde.Tatars same church workers freed from tribute, gave them safe conduct on the property of the church.
