Flower - a rather complicated and inherently unique body of angiosperms.Its main feature - it is sexual reproduction of the organism.Although the structure of the flower that has some features in common, for each group of plants, it is considered individually and taxonomic characteristic feature.
flower, its functions and characteristics .Before considering the structure of the flower, it is necessary to find out what is the generative organ.Flower - is not nothing but a short shoot, with petals, pistils, stamens and sepals are modified leaves.
flowers of different species of flora have a variety of characteristics.For example, depending on the method of pollination, they can have different colors and shapes, and additional parts, such as nectaries.The same can be said about their size - the smallest duckweed flower has a diameter of 1 mm, and the flower of some topical plants reach a meter in diameter.
overall structure of the flower .Its structure can be divided into three main parts:
- Stem part - consists of flower stalk and receptacle.
- Sheet part - this includes the petals and sepals.
- generative parts - pistils and stamens.
flower placed at the top of the shoot, both the main and side.Stem escape smoothly into the peduncle (sessile flowers at this part or strongly shortened or absent).It extends upward, forming a so-called receptacle - that are attached to it and the rest of the flower.It may be convex, concave, elongated or flat - it is also an important taxonomic characters.
Flower: perianth structure .Perianth of the flower called sterile.Its main function - is the protection of the generative parts.In addition, the shape and structure of the method depends on the perianth pollination.
perianth divided into:
- Simple - it leaves all the same (for example, if we consider the structure of tulip flower, we can see that it has a simple perianth).
- double - perianth elements form a cup and whisk.
Cup consists of separate sepals - they can be free or coalesce with each other.
the Corolla is a collection of petals.As a rule, they are the most visible part of the flower.They can grow together with each other or to remain free.Some representatives of the plant world, for example, legumes, or orchids, beaters are characterized by a rather original structure.The petals may be specialized epidermal cells, which secrete oils - exactly what created the fragrance.
main functions of Corolla - a protection against high temperatures in the day, protection from hypothermia during the night, sun protection, as well as to attract pollinators.
structure of the flower: the generative parts .Generative parts of the flower shows androecium (set of stamens) and gynoecium (set of pistils).
stamens are a place of education and maturation of pollen.The number can range from one to several hundred.These elements of the flower can grow together with each other, or to remain free.Stamen attached to the receptacle staminal thin thread on which is located on top of the boot.In turn, the boot is divided into two halves, each of which has two sockets, and wherein contain microspores.
Pestle - one of the main organs of the flower.It consists of carpels fused together.Pestle can be divided into the ovary (the lower part, which contains the egg), and the stigma of a column (the part that receives the pollen).
structure of the flower can be quite different.But it is worth noting that the number, shape and the presence of other little things in the structure of each part are really important taxonomic characters that are used in modern taxonomy.
