concept of "balance" in Russian - borrowed and comes from the French «balance», which literally means "the balance".Hence the definition of balance in relation to the economic content is a generalized information about the state of the assets and liabilities of the enterprise or organization, as well as data on the sources of their formation at a particular time or any particular period.
axiomatic rule of any balance sheet is a match in terms of assets and liabilities.This parameter is the main criterion for the correctness of the balance sheet.The structural balance consists of separate articles that reflected the metric values of assets and liabilities within the established units.These values are characterized by the value of the enterprise or organization, as well as indicate the sources of their occurrence.The balance of the company responsible for the preparation of his officials tend to - accountants, enter data on the movement of funds.These recordings are made in strict accordance with the established system of accounts.
After entry, all the articles are grouped together and get the group to form sections that reflect the movement of funds of the company under the relevant categories: purpose, urgency and turnover.This structuring enables accounting and financial services companies to keep effective control of the situation with the income and expenditure.
To better visualize the situation and the financial condition of the organization or enterprise, the balance sheet reflects the values of these two rows.
Some indicators reflect the financial condition of the company at the beginning of the reporting period (fiscal or calendar year), while others provide information on the current reporting period.The terms of the values of assets and liabilities constitute the balance of the currency, that is, those indicators which, as already mentioned, should be equal.
As demonstrated practice, the most difficult sections of the balance sheet are accounts receivable, which must contribute to the assets of the company, and accounts, which relates to liabilities and reflects the values for the company at the moment of the reporting period.
Thanks to this structure and content, the balance sheet represents an important document not only financial statements but also an effective tool for the analysis and development strategy of long-term development of the enterprise, including, and in the long term.Thanks to this document it is possible to intelligently distribute enterprise spending, adjusted revenues and expenses, on time and in full, to pay taxes and other fees established by legislation.
special place not only in the accounting and reporting documents, but also among the resources of a full analysis of the company plays a balance of fixed assets (RP).This document gives an idea of the value of assets of the enterprise, its structure and condition.The value of this balance can not be overestimated, since it serves as the basis for the determination of the total national wealth.These are reflected in the balance sheet in cash and structured in terms of growth rates, the appointment of PF, industry sector.An important part of the balance is a reflection of the state of PF by ownership.Viewed balance is made by two parameters:
- the original value of RP;
- the total price, excluding depreciation, ie the cost of depreciation of fixed assets.
In short, the balance sheet - is absolutely necessary document for the organization of the enterprise development planning, taking into account the efficiency of current production and forecasting of reproduction, research and analysis of fixed assets and capital investments.
