It's no secret that the heart - the main organ in the human body.Despite what the people, the activity of the heart is displayed on its internal state and external form.The heart - live continuously operating motor, which pumps a huge amount of blood vessels.Single-sided flow of blood is ensured heart valves that open under pressure in one direction.The heart muscle contracts accurately and clearly experiencing extremely high loads.All human life is the heart continuously works that actually supports this life.
Regular sports activities or exercise make the heart work hard and as a result the heart muscle thickens.At the same time also it increases capacity of the ventricles.If the heart muscle is tired from work and can not overtake the whole blood enters the cavity may develop congestive heart enlargement and heart failure.To better understand these processes, you should delve into such a thing as "the structure of the heart."
external structure of the heart
Usually, when the word "heart" person imagines a small scarlet heart pierced by an arrow Cupid.However, if such views it is in reality?Of course not.
heart shape - cone, flattened in the anteroposterior direction.The structure of the heart implies a distinction between the base and the top.Base - extended portion that directed to the right, upwards and slightly backwards, the top - bottom tapered portions respectively directed to the left, down and slightly forward.
on the surface of the body can be found a lot of different protrusions and grooves that form blood vessels.The largest of them have names.This, for example, coronal sulcus, which extends across the axis of the heart and is a pointer to an external differentiation atria and the ventricles.In addition, on the surface of the heart is back and the anterior interventricular sulcus - the external borders of the ventricles pointers.There also lie the heart vessels.To all, on the surface of the heart, there are two outgrowth - auricles.
internal structure of the heart
Inside the heart is more difficult.The first thing you should pay attention to studying the structure of the heart, is that there are four valves that provide blood flow in the forward direction and warning her return current.Tricuspid and mitral atrioventricular valves separate the ventricles from the atria, pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves - ventricles of the large arteries.All of them are attached to the fibrous skeleton of the heart.Heart frame consists of very thick connective tissue, which is support for the muscles and valves.
Generally describing the structure of the heart, it is important to note that the very heart consists of four chambers: the left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle.All of them are separated by partitions.The left atrium includes pulmonary vein into the right - hollow.From the right and left ventricles out the pulmonary artery and ascending aorta, respectively.The right atrium and the left ventricle close the systemic circulation, the left atrium and the right ventricle - a small circle.
inner surface of the heart chambers and valves are lined with a layer of so-called endothelial cells - endocardium.The subendocardial tissue contains fibroblasts, collagen and elastic fibers, nerves, veins, the conductive elements of the system.Continuing the myocardial tissue - muscle densest layer composed of cardiac muscle cells.Note that the outside of the myocardium occurs layer of fat and connective tissue that covers the nerves going to the muscle layer of the heart and major blood vessels of the heart.
Structure of the heart - a very interesting and important moment in human anatomy.Only well understood all the nuances of this issue, you can see what's inside our body and how to sustain human life.
