Patriotic War of 1812, the causes of which is the desire of Napoleon's reign in the world, capturing all of the state, has become a significant milestone in the history of our country.At the time, from all over Europe continued to maintain independence, only Russia and England.Particularly irritated Napoleon had against the Russian government, continue to oppose the expansion of its aggression and systematically violate the continental blockade.
come into confrontation with France, Russia acted defender monarchies of Europe.
preparing for war since the 1810.Russia and France have understood that military action is unavoidable.
French Emperor sent troops into the Duchy of Warsaw, creating weapons warehouses there.Russia felt threatened and began to increase the size of the army in the western provinces.
Patriotic War of 1812 began the invasion of Napoleon on 12 June.600,000th French army crossed the Neman.
At the same time, the Russian government has developed a plan to confront the invaders.He created his Prussian military theorist Ful.According to the plan, the entire Russian army was made up of three parts.The teams were selected Bagration Tormasov, Barclay de Tolly.By assumption, Fulya, Russian troops were to retreat to fortified positions consistently and united, to fight back the onslaught of the French.However, the Patriotic War of 1812 began to evolve differently.Russian army retreated and Napoleon was approaching Moscow.Despite Russian resistance, the French soon found themselves near the capital.
situation that began to take shape, demanded immediate action.Commander in chief of the Russian troops on August 20 took Kutuzov.
decisive battle happened on August 26 near the village of Borodino (Battle of Borodino).This battle was the bloodiest one-day battle in the history of the country.In this battle, there was no winner.But there were no losers, too.However, assessing the situation, Kutuzov decided to retreat after the battle.It was decided to send to Moscow without a fight.From the capital were brought all the inhabitants, and the city burned.
September 2 Napoleon's soldiers came to Moscow.Commander of the French thought that Muscovites will bring him the keys of the city.But the city was burned, burned all the barns with ammunition and provisions.
Napoleon did not know what to do next.At the beginning of the army become loose discipline, the soldiers began to drink.Until October 7, the French army was in Moscow.Napoleon decided to retreat to the south, in areas not ravaged by war.
next battle took place near Maloyaroslavets.Fierce fighting took place, during which the French army faltered.Napoleon had to fall back on the same road on which he came (along the old Smolensk).
following battles took place under the red, Vyazma, near the crossing of the Berezina.The Russian army was driving the French from their land.Thus ended Napoleon's invasion of Russia.
Patriotic War of 1812 ended December 23, as Alexander 1 had signed the manifesto.However, Napoleon's campaign continued.Battles took place until 1814.
Patriotic War of 1812. The results
military action at the time was an important historical event in Russia.This war has caused a surge in the national consciousness of the Russian people.In the battle with Napoleon attended absolutely all people, regardless of age.
victory in the Patriotic War of 1812 confirmed the Russian heroism and courage.This battle gave the history of great men: Kutuzov, Rajewski, Bagration Tormasov and other Russian generals, whose names are forever in history.The war with Napoleon's army represented a shining example of self-sacrifice of the people to save their homeland.
