history of the Czech Republic has more than a dozen centuries.Earth this state routes running through the center of the European continent, has always performed an important task.
begins the story of the land on which the Czech Republic, to mention the most ancient population - the Celts.They inhabited the land from the 4th century.From the 6th century on the territory of the Slavic tribes settled, created the Duchy of "Self" in the 7th century.
With 820, the territory of the present Czech Republic was occupied by the State Great Moravia.With its population due the spread of Christianity in the territory.The Great Moravia lived the ancestors of the Slovaks and Czechs.
Hungarian raids on Great Moravian Empire led to the downfall of the state.It happened in the early 10th century.
After the fall of Great Moravia the power passes into the hands of Przhemyslovskogo kind that holds it up to the 1306 (over 400 years).During this period, the story develops in line with the Czech Republic, implies the formation of state formation.Combining state of the Czech reached to 995, the Přemyslid princely dynasty.
Emperor Frederick 2 (ruler of the Holy Roman Empire) in 1212 signed a decree "Sicilian bull".It as the kingdom was recognized by the Czech Republic.
history states from the mid 12th century marked the beginning of the cultural and economic development, which is actively supported by the German colonists.
In the period from the 13th to the 14th century there is a significant strengthening of the kingdom.The history of the Czech Republic in this period demonstrates the economic power and the significant expansion of the state.
In the 14th century the dynasty of Luxembourg takes the Czech crown.The first representative on the throne is John of Luxembourg, entered the throne in 1310.However, the new king did not pay much attention to the development of the state.His first son Vaclav (the future Emperor Charles 4) brought up at the French royal court.In 1346 at the Battle of Crecy John was killed.After the death of his father ascended to the throne Charles 4.
history of the Czech Republic under a new ruler is characterized as a period of extraordinary growth.The main objective pursued by the new governor, was to strengthen the power and strength of the kingdom.During the reign of Charles 4 began and the history of Prague.The governor raised New Town Prague, he built the famous Charles Bridge.In addition, Carl 4 archdiocese was founded and the first university in the Empire.In Prague, the governor has attracted a huge number of artisans and artists, began to rebuild the Cathedral of St. Vitus.
After Charles 4 came to the throne by his son, Vaclav 4. During the reign of the new king of the Czech lands experienced an economic depression.
In the Middle Ages the territorial boundaries of the state have not changed.The composition of the country's other land entered temporarily.
In the first half of the 16th century against the background of confrontation in Europe onslaught Turkey estates Czechs engaged in selecting a new ruler.As a result, the choice fell on one of Ferdinand of Habsburg, who was a member of a very powerful family.
addition of the 12th century (the period of independence of the Czech Republic), the country was ruled by Austria.Royal Court in this case was moved from Prague to Vienna.
devastation of the Czech Republic came as a result of the Thirty Years War, provoked the confrontation of Czech Catholics and Protestants.As a result, by 1650 the country left about 700 thousand inhabitants (from 2.5 mln. In 1618), destroyed thousands of settlements that is not recovered.
During the reign of Emperor Rudolph 2 royal court was again moved to Prague.Thus, the city regained the status of capital.
Enlightenment in the Czech Republic began during the reign of Maria Theresa and her son Joseph 2. Due to the last in 1781 in the country there have been several reforms to facilitate the situation of the population in the villages.
On inheritance rights in 1804, France 2 was proclaimed the Austrian Empire.In 1848, after the suppression of the revolution of the empire it was established absolute monarchy.However, after some time in 1867 between the Austrian Empire and Hungary signed an agreement.According to him, it was formed Austria-Hungary.Czech Republic at the same time did not receive autonomy.
independent Czech Republic was established in 1993, January 1.
