era of great geographical discoveries lasted from the mid-15th to mid-17th century.The main part in expeditions took Spanish and Portuguese explorers.
main reasons for the great geographical discoveries - the search for new ways of development of trade and navigation.
While trade ties between the East and Europe were destroyed by Turkish rule extended.Turks blocked the main trade route through Syria and Asia Minor.However, at that time they were built adapted for swimming in the open ocean credible court, which contributed not only to find new ways, but also the discovery and seizure of land, which is located to the south of Europe.
Prince Henry at that time was the main organizer of the Portuguese travel and assist in the development of the Portuguese navy.So in his time it was organized by the Naval School.Geographical Research Institute in improved navigation methods and tools.The first globe in 1490 was set up here.
era of great geographical discoveries marked the opening of a sea route to India.In 1497, King Manuel of Portugal Happy expedition was organized.It was connected with the very high cost of goods imported to Europe by land.Portuguese expedition consisting of three ships, led by Vasco da Gama.
Going into the Atlantic Ocean far enough, he parallels Cape Agulhas turned east.After that, the ships headed north along the east African coast to Mozambique.In the town of Mambasa Portuguese first came into contact with the Arab population.After this expedition Vasco da Gama crossed the Indian Ocean and reached the southern Indian port of Calicut.
era of great geographical discoveries and Spanish expeditions marked.After the discovery in the 15th century New World Spain is beginning to show interest in the eastern states.However, the Spanish king, assessing the situation, seeing that the way to the African coast closes the Portuguese fleet, and the caravan route to the east is under the control of Arab and Turkish merchants.Columbus offers the King of Spain to pave the way to the West Indies.An excellent cartographer and sharing the view of many of his contemporaries that the spherical shape of the Earth, it is the project path to the west across the Atlantic Ocean.
Thus, the era of geographical discoveries marked the opening of Columbus.Earth, he found, were populated by settlers.Spanish colonies appeared on the coast and islands of Central America.
Amerigo Vespucci contributed to the historical period called the "Age of Discovery".Having made several expeditions to trade affairs between the years 1499 and 1502, explorer named Columbus discovered "Asia" vast land previously unknown "New World."Subsequently, the area was named America.In turn, the Amerigo Vespucci described the nature of the population and public lands.
very significant event in the history of the discoveries is a round trip of Ferdinand Magellan.Following the service of the Spanish king, navigator offered him work around the South America and reach, so the coast of Asia.
his voyage around the globe began in 1519.Five ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean and along the southern coast of America went in search of the strait in the Pacific Ocean ("South Sea").The strait, called the Magellanic later, was found after a long search, and serious losses.
After Magellan approached the Indonesian islands, he concluded (as recorded in the logbook), returned to the Old World, beating around the Earth.
