Russian multinational and multi-confessional country, and its inhabitants are familiar with the basic provisions of neighboring religions.General educational level of the population and contribute to the television program.In addition, the recent Turkish soap operas are extremely popular.Thanks to them, the Russian audience acquainted with the beauties of the country, the history of Turkey and Islam, which it professes.Know who the Sultan Suleiman, Imam - the spiritual head of the Muslims, and the vizier - the highest officials of the country.
ambiguous words
However, the term "imam" is ambiguous.For example, in the Muslim religion during the main sermon elect parishioner (it may be a simple man), who will continue to lead worship, and it is also called "Imam".This word - amma - in Arabic means "the leader."Each Islamic mosque led by a leader.
whether the imam stood at the head of the Caliphate, whether parish Mullah Tatars or the head of the Mohammedan church - it is always at the head of a certain religious level.Imam - a position for which in Turkey in the XIX century, the congregation elected dignity, and power only claimed him.And the position is not very noble, do not require a high education.Qadi and the Mufti were much higher in importance in society.However, in Islam (Shiites) Imam - a mediator between God and man, that is the Prophet.
various meanings of the word "imam»
And Sunni imams called the wise men, the most eminent theologians.They were Malik and Ahmad, Shafi'i and Abu Hanifa.And if you add to the above the fact that the Arabs were the title of Imam influential princes, it can be concluded that the ambiguity of the term is as great as the word "leader" or "head".
Sufi sheikh
Imam Shamil (1797-1856) is known to many, and not the Turkish serials.Leader Eastern Caucasian mountaineers in 1834 was recognized as the head of the Caucasian Imamate, which was a theocratic state, ie the country where state-run religious figures.Western journalists are always (though some sincere and unknowingly) romanticize the image of an enemy of Russia.And around Imam Shamil he has developed an aura of mystery, pride, sacrifice.This Statement Danko.In fact, he was a poorly educated man and incompetent commander, not associating penny lives of ordinary people.It was during his territory, which is now the Chechen Republic, was annexed to Russia, and the imam captured and sent into exile, where he died.
Mohamed al-Buhri
«Al Imam" - these two words are abbreviated names of two prominent figures of Islam - Muhammad al-Bukhari (810-870) and Al-Ghazali (1058-1111).The first of them - mufassir or interpreter of the Qur'an (although there is the assertion that the best commentator of the Qur'an - Qur'an itself).However, Mohammed al-Buhri was a prominent Muslim scholar and interpreter of the Quran muhaddistom.In addition, the imam of al was the author of the canonical book "Al-Jami al-Sahih".It Sunni tradition.A book entitled "Al-Tarikh al-kabir," or "Great History", also belongs to his pen.The fate of the scientist developed not very well: it made the reservation because of the misinterpretation of the words of Imam started turmoil.Four times he expelled from Bukhara, in exile, he died.Copper Mosque Verkhnyaya Pyshma is the name of al-Bahri.In 2014, with her burial capsules made with the ashes of the scientist.
Gazly
Imam Abu Hamid al-Gazly - authoritative scholar and jurist, philosopher, theologian and mystic Islamic.All his strength, he directed the formation and systematization of Sufism.What does this word mean?In Islam, as in other religions, there are many directions.One of the main is Sufism - for a mystical ascetic bias.It is a difficult doctrine to understand its intricacies and periods was only by a highly educated Muslims, but in these days of Sufism plays a fairly significant role in the life of the Islamic states.Imam Ghazali lived as a hermit for 11 years, then taught a lot, again returning to asceticism taught followers Sufi way of life and died at the age of 53 years.His work had a significant impact on both Islamic and at the Christian and Jewish philosophers."Resurrection of religious sciences" is its basic composition.This scientist has left many works on philosophy, theology, and logic.
Treasures of Islamic architecture
Speaking about Islam, one can not but affect its places of worship - mosques.Many of them are extraordinarily beautiful, like temples, churches, pagodas.But among all these houses of God there are real world-known gems.Such masterpieces certainly applies Imam Mosque.At 340 km from the capital of Iran, at the foot of the Zagros (the largest mountain range of Iran) is an ancient city of Isfahan, which is still admired by Marco Polo.The town has existed since prehistoric times and in the XI century became the capital of the powerful Seljuk.Isfahan knew the ups and downs - in 1387 it was conquered by Tamerlane, who cut the city's population and crossed the infamous pyramid of 70,000 skulls.But the city was revived and is already in the XVI century, the golden age of Isfahan.The heart of this city is the Imam.It is a masterpiece, and Persian architecture - Shah Mosque or Mosque of the Imam.It was built long - from 1611 to 1629.The current mosque received its name in 1979 when he was overthrown by the last Shah of Iran and Imam Khomeini founded the Islamic Republic of Iran.In his honor and renamed the former Shah Mosque.The central area of the city makes many tourists feel guests fabulous country, sung in the "Thousand and One Nights."Beauty Mosque is stunning.The minarets 42 meters high, seven-color glazed tiles, the amazing architecture of the 52-meter mosque and its courtyard with vaulted ayvans - all enthralls guests for four centuries.About interiors and acoustics of the mosque is not written one volume of research.The whole area Meydan Imam included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.
unique voice
have brilliant Peruvian singer named Soila Augusta Imperatriz Kavarri del Castillo (1922-2008), known worldwide as the Yma Sumac, the Imam, but the first three letters, there is nothing at all in common.The second part of the alias indicates that the maternal line of the singer comes from the priestesses of the Sun God, who vanished civilization of the Incas were valued more than gold.The father of the singer with a unique soprano was a Spaniard.What is unique about Yma Sumac?In the range.On the number of octaves that she could take, arguing, but assumed that her voice was subject to five octaves, besides, she could sing in two voices simultaneously.It is accessed by doctors and researchers for permission to explore her voice - a rare miracle of nature.The categorical refusal was his answer.6 months Yma Sumac spent in the Soviet Union, receiving a fee for concerts in hard currency on the personal orders of Khrushchev.Sometimes she disappeared from view, but then returned triumphantly.For years, its activities are considered to be active 1944-2008.That is, she sang until his death.Fans who attended her concerts in the last years of his life, claiming that her voice has lost none of purity or strength.Mysticism, and more!
