Inorganics - such chemical compounds which unlike not contain organic carbon (except cyanides, carbides, carbon oxides, carbonates and some other compounds traditionally belonging to this group).
following classification of inorganic substances.There is simply substances: nonmetals (H2, N2, O2), metals (Na, Zn, Fe), amphoteric simple substance (Mn, Zn, Al), noble gases (Xe, He, Rn) and complex substances oxides (H2O,CO2, P2O5);hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2, H2SO4);salts (CuSO4, NaCl, KNO3, Ca3 (PO4) 2), and binary compounds.
simple molecules (singleton) substances consist only of certain atoms (a) type (element).They do not decompose in chemical reactions and is not capable of forming other substances.Simple substances in turn are divided into metals and non-metals.Clear boundaries between them are not there because of the ability of simple substances exhibit dual properties.Some exhibit the properties of both elements and metals and nonmetals.They are called amphoteric.
Noble gases - is a separate class of inorganic substances;They stand out among the other special originality.It VIIIA-group elements.
ability of some elements to form some simple, differing in the structure and properties is called allotropism.Examples of elements may be C, carbyne forming diamond and graphite;O - ozone and oxygen;P - white, red, black and others.This phenomenon is possibly due to the different number of atoms in the molecule and due to the ability of the formation of different crystalline forms atoms.
addition to the simple basic classes of inorganic materials include complex compounds.Under the complex (two- or multi-element) compounds mean compounds of the chemical elements.These molecules consist of atoms of different kinds (different element).Upon decomposition in chemical reactions, they form more other substances.Divided into a base, oxides, acids and salts.The bases
metal atoms connected to the hydroxyl groups (or a group).These compounds are divided into soluble (alkali) and insoluble in water.
oxides composed of two elements, one of which necessarily is oxygen.They are nesoleobrazuyuschimi and salt-forming.
hydroxides - are substances that are formed during the interaction (direct or indirect) of water.These include: a base (Al (OH) 3, Ca (OH) 2), acid (HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, H3PO4), amphoteric hydroxides (Al (OH) 3, Zn (OH) 2).The interaction of different types of hydroxides is formed between oxygenated salt.
divided into salts medium (comprised of cations and anions - Ca3 (PO4) 2, Na2SO4);acid (in the acid moiety contains hydrogen atoms which can be substituted by cations -NaHSO3. CaHPO4), basic (are composed of an oxo or hydroxo - Cu2CO3 (OH) 2);double (containing two different reactive cation) and / or complex (containing two different acidic residue) salt (CaMg (CO3) 2, K3 [Fe (CN) 6]).
binary compounds (a rather large class of substances) are divided into oxygen-free acid (H2S, HCl);salts anoxic (CaF2, NaCl) and other compounds (CaC2, AlH3, CS2).
Inorganics do not have the carbon skeleton, which is the basis of organic compounds.
The human body is, as organic compound (34%), as the inorganic compound.The latter include, primarily, water (60%) and the calcium salt of which is predominantly human skeleton.
inorganic substances in the human body are 22 chemical elements.Most of them are metals.Depending on the concentration of elements in the body are called micro (content in the body of which is not more than 0.005% of body weight) and macrocells.Trace elements essential for the organism are iodine, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, chromium, selenium, fluoride.Their dietary intake in the body necessary for its normal life.Macronutrients such as calcium, phosphorus and chlorine are the basis of many tissues.
