These invertebrates can be called a great worker.Their invisible enormous amount of work improves and heals the land.Amazing fact: earthworm can live up to 16 years, some individuals grow up to 30 cm (in the tropics and one and a half meters), it is not subject to the epidemic, and it never does not suffer.The only cause of death in nature may be, perhaps, only an old age.
The most frequent include six species of worms.
Tetrahedral earthworm (Eiseniella tetraedra) grows up to 5 cm. Got a name for the tetrahedral form the back and middle portions.
Offensive earthworm (Allophora chlorotica), grows up to 13 cm. The name received a peculiar smell bad (characteristic features: brown or red rings are separated by light grooves).Living in the garden greasy ground and manure piles.
Yellowish green earthworm (Allophora chlorotica), grows up to 7 cm. It lives in moist soils, in rotting vegetation (usually the leaves).
Reddish earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus), grows up to 15 cm. The color is reddish-brown and purple (pearlescent tide).It prefers shallow depth and wet humus soil.
ground earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris), called Nightcrawlers.It grows up to 30 cm. The most common, called for the "night raids" on the surface, which collects the remains of plants.
California worm (Eisenia foetida) today received wide recognition for its high fertility (up to 100 times higher than that of other worms) and "workaholism".Recycle any organic.It is cultivated worldwide.
Russian scientists were put compost worms ("technological", 3 strain) that are not inferior in terms of productivity and characteristics of red Californian and cultured with the same success.For the life and reproduction of the substrate must have a temperature of 22 degrees and humidity around 75%, a pH of 7.0.Valid small deviations from the specified parameters.After 3 weeks, the eggs appear kids who for three months had become sexually mature and lay eggs themselves.One such worm reproduces the year one thousand of his kind.
external structure of the earthworm
Body cylindrical, streamlined, devoid of protuberances, capable of interfering with the movement in the soil.The length from 5 cm to 30 cm, in some more.The front of the cone-shaped, slightly flattened back.Above the mouth is a little rounded prostomium (sensory appendages are absent).Each segment (except the first and the last) has a pair of bristles 4 arranged pairwise (ventrally dorsolaterally) which can be pulled in and out outward movement easier.The longest bristles are taking part in copulation.But the main role in this process is the band (32 to 37 segments), which are contained in the epidermis gland cells, forming a bulge in the saddle.Worms - bisexual.But breeding is still required pairing.Belt is directly involved in the formation of copulation and cocoon.The structure of the earthworm is identical for all types.The differences are due to the adaptability of each type of lifestyle.
Besides the water cycle, there is a cycle of substances in nature.And that earthworms take in the process, perhaps the most important part.Since it is their role allows you to create a new, fertile soil.These gentle, little creatures meekly trying to restore that destroys the person conducting deep plowing land and sprinkle chemicals.It worms, passing through the intestine remains of plants, issued as a result of vermicompost - the highest quality fertilizer, well absorbed by plants.In addition, the land enriched by the microflora of the worms, which contains a variety of enzymes, vitamins, amino acids and even antibiotics.
How to make the soil fertile?Do not waste resources and effort on fertilizer.Get worms, create conditions for them and after two or three years you will see amazing results.
