biological systematics - the science that deals with the development of the principles of the existing classification of all living organisms and the application of these principles to the construction of an integrated system.Classification of living organisms includes their description and hierarchical placement of the system of organisms.According to one of these classifications all wildlife is divided into kingdoms.
kingdom of nature - the higher taxonomic categories in the organic world.The division of the existing wildlife in the kingdom is considered to be fully justified in terms of evolution.According to him all organisms are divided into two superkingdom (pre-nuclear and nuclear organisms), which include the four kingdoms: Monera, plants, fungi and animals.Each kingdom in its turn divided into podtsartva.Consider in more detail the main categories.
Nuclear-free and pre-nuclear organisms (prokaryotes) - organisms that lack a cell nucleus decorated.The genetic code is given annular DNA chain and is present in the nucleotide, without forming these chromosomes.Sexual process in such organisms do not.For prokaryotes scientists carry a variety of bacteria, including blue-green algae.
other three kingdoms of nature are eukaryotes.The first of these - the plants.The most important difference from other plant organisms - their ability to feed autotrophic, i.e. synthesise certain organic substances from inorganic.Green plants perform photosynthesis, using the energy of sunlight.Through photosynthesis, the gas composition of the atmosphere is maintained.Thus, the plant - the main source of energy and food for all organisms on the planet.
plant classification scheme is complicated enough.Initially, they are divided into lower and higher plants.The body of lower plants is not divided on the root, stem and leaf.To lower plants are algae, namely the blue-green algae, Chrysophyta, siliceous, yellow-green, brown, red, Euglenophyta, green and other algae.In contrast to the lower plants, higher plants dismembered body to the above specialized organs (leaf, stem, root).These include the spread Moss family, fern, angiosperms types of plants, which emit within the individual classes.
Mushrooms - the realm of nature, combining the features of both animals and plants.Fungi, like plants, immobile;they are characterized by the presence of the apical growth and cell walls.From animals to fungi got heterotrophic type of metabolism, the formation of urea and other features.Mushrooms reproduce vegetatively, sexually and asexually.These mineralized plant residues in the soil.Some species can cause diseases of plants and animals.We found a large number of molds used today to produce antibiotics, vitamins, hormones.It is no secret that many edible mushrooms.Within this realm of nature there are three types: true fungi, oomycetes, and slime molds.
representatives of the animal kingdom are characterized by certain common features with plants, among which, for example, metabolism and cellular structure.These similarities are due to common origin.However, the main feature - the power.Animals are heterotrophs, i.e. feed prepared by organic compounds, due to their inability to synthesize inorganic materials.Usually, the animals are actively motile.According to rough estimates there are about two million species of animals.Like the other kingdoms of nature, the animals are divided into podtsartva, types and kinds.For example, there are single-celled and multicellular animals, divisible by dozens of types and kinds.One of such types include humans.
