In our country grows more than a thousand species of honey and polliniferous plants, but not all of them are of interest for beekeeping.In each area a few species of honey herbs, trees and shrubs make the main honey collection, and provides a small part of the crop (supporting) honey collection.Such plants can be attributed to a minor honey plant.Other species do not represent a practical value for the agricultural sector as beekeeping.
What are the most nectar honey plant?The main crops are buckwheat, canola, sunflower, coriander, cotton, clover, sainfoin.Wild honey plants - lime, acacia (yellow and white), willow, maple.In terms of the life of honey plants are divided into annuals (melons, buckwheat, sunflower), two-year (angelica, sweet clover) and perennial (strawberry, clover, alfalfa, prairie grass, fruit plantations).
For effective beekeeping is very important the presence of a variety of grounds: gardens, forests, fields and meadows.Near the apiary honey it is recommended to plant grass and trees.Different types of honey plants bloom almost continuously, providing a constant medosbor.Spring blooms dandelion, mother and stepmother, maple and fruit trees.Summer bloom meadow grass, raspberry, lime.Autumn - chicory, heather, some late crops.Seeds of honey plants, pollination by spreading over a vast area, give rise to the growth of new plants and the increase in honey yield nearby apiaries.
Let us consider briefly the most effective culture.Here are the most popular honey plants grown in our country:
Buckwheat. excellent bee plant, in some areas it is with her bee bring almost all of marketable honey.It refers to the annual cereal crops.Were sown in the fertile lands of several deadlines.Under favorable conditions, with 1 hectare of buckwheat can collect 70-100 kg of honey.It distributed mainly in the central regions of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Bashkortostan.Buckwheat honey is dark in color (reddish), it has a sharp pleasant scent.Compared with light honeys it has more protein and iron.Other plants are inferior to buckwheat honey in honey productivity.
Sunflower. One of the best honey plants.Nectar gives less crap, but a large number of crops it allows you to get a good collection of honey.It refers to the annual oilseed crops.Honey is light yellow, has a delicate flavor and aroma.It crystallizes rapidly, which can lead to the death of cells in the bee, and should be in the hive partially replace sugar.
Cotton. One of the most important commercial crops in Central Asia and the Caucasus.Honey has a white color and a pleasant sweet taste, crystallizes quickly, so it is not desirable to leave for the winter in the hive.
Rape. Refers to annual crops .Byvaet winter and spring.Winter rape begins to bloom earlier than other honey plants (May - June) and provides early honey collection.Blossoms it about a month.In late June, blooming spring rape, its bloom lasts about 40 days.Honey produced from rapeseed, is whitish-yellow color, crystallizes very quickly.
Mustard. Annual oil plant, which has a great value in beekeeping.It is grown in the Volga region, Kazakhstan and parts of the Southern Urals.It gives the fragrant honey is light yellow hue.Honey crystallizes rapidly in cells, therefore not suitable for bee wintering.
Donnik. is not just honey plant, but also a good fodder plant.Unpretentious, can grow on degraded or drylands.used in beekeeping clover annual white.Honey white, high quality.
Red clover. perennial forage crops (legume family).This field plants.A large amount of nectar, but with a low honey harvest.This is due to the fact that the nectar is located deep in his corolla tubes and difficult to access for the bees.
Coriander. Annual plant, cultivated in the center of Russia, in Ukraine, the Volga region.Sometimes spring and winter.A good honey harvest yields by sowing on large areas.
Lucerne. fodder legume, good honey plant.Distributed in the Ukraine, the Volga region, Kazakhstan, Central Asia and southern Siberia.
