aluminum - lightweight metal with a silvery white hue, soft (you can bend the arms) are well treated, at the same time strong enough.It is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity.Pure aluminum is hardly used, it is practiced in the use of a copper alloy, carbon, tin, titanium, manganese and zinc.In electrical and thermal conductivity of aluminum is second only to silver and copper.At the same time, impurities vanadium, chromium and manganese reduce these parameters.
Aluminum reacts with acids and alkalis to form chlorides, sulfates, aluminates, and other compounds.In the air instantly covered with metal oxide film, which protects it from further oxidation.The melting point of aluminum is within 660.1 degrees, the metal in molten form has a good castability.For this metal is characterized by high ductility, cold resistance, resistance to corrosion by reacting with distilled water and fresh water.
Experts note that the corrosion resistance depends on the purity of aluminum - the higher it is, the greater the resistance.May be a cause of corrosion of the oxide film surface damage.It is proved that the melting point of aluminum increases with increasing purity.With excellent castability, metal during crystallization gives greater shrinkage, this indicator is important in making the responsible casting of the metal.
melting point of aluminum may vary depending on the used material as an impurity.Leader in the production of aluminum in the world today are Russia, the United States, Canada, Australia.The range of use of aluminum is large enough, our ancestors in the form of aluminum compounds (alum) was used as an astringent in medicine, for tanning leather, to extend the shelf life of paints.
Suffice low melting point of aluminum allow it to melt in primitive conditions.
occurs naturally aluminum oxide (corundum), it is used as an abrasive material, and its variety - the ruby and sapphire - are classified as precious stones.Since pure aluminum is unsuitable for technical applications, most often it is used as a raw material for the manufacture of various alloys.The range of aluminum alloys is quite extensive, it is constantly updated (using different technologies).
Currently, of these alloys produced food bottles, cans, kitchen utensils and various household items.The most important consumers of aluminum alloys are the automotive, electrical, instrument, chemical, defense, steel industry.At what temperature is melted aluminum is taken into account in the manufacture of component parts for the defense, space and nuclear industries.
One of the most common non-ferrous alloys is duralumin, it developed in the last century by the German engineer A. Wilma.The melting point of duralumin was about 650 degrees.Its essence of the invention consists in that the aluminum-based alloy after the heat treatment becomes higher strength and hardness.This immediately took advantage of the specialists and let the needs of the aeronautics.The new alloy has become one of the main structural materials in aircraft construction.
Currently, the term refers to a large selection of duralumin aluminum alloys are highly durable.Modern except copper alloys containing manganese, silicon, magnesium, etc., strength they approached the low-carbon steel.Today, these alloys are widely used in the aviation industry, in the manufacture of high-speed trains and in some other cases.
