Every science consists of certain methods of investigation.No exception and the economy.All methods of economic research can be divided into the following groups:
· Everyone (metaphysical and dialectical).
· General scientific (logical, historical, mathematical, statistical).
· Specific (selected for each branch of science).
follows from all this are two basic methods of economic research: metaphysics and dialectics.
Metaphysics - is a method, which considers any phenomenon in isolation, the so-called rest and immutability.In the first place it is necessary in the case if it is necessary to analyze any part of the system or, for example, find out what is the essence of the internal structure of business relations.This method will be used and the classification of the functions of money, forms of economic organization, type of ownership, forms of wages.
To better reflect reality, economic theory using a method such as dialectic.It refers to the doctrine of the general laws of development of all natural phenomena, as well as thinking and society.The creator of a systematic theory of the dialectic of German philosopher Georg Hegel, the most important place in the theory assigned a contradiction, by which he meant the unity of mutually presuppose and mutually exclusive opposites.The dialectical method reflects the contradictions in their indissoluble unity.Through this practice avoids erroneous decisions, as well as to integrate into the whole irreconcilable at first sight phenomenon.Due to the contradictions in the economic activity of emerging forms, with which you can come to a compromise (eg, the agreement between the parties, which is achieved through bilateral concessions.
important role played by scientific methods of economic research. In particular this applies to the historical method,using which it is possible to find out how arise and how to develop economic systems. This method allows you to specifically explore and visualize the features of any system, and depending on the stage of historical development. Considering the scientific methods of economic study should be isolated and logical method by which the applicable formand the laws of correct thinking, by which it is possible to reach the truth expressed by reasoning and judgment. Because of logical method can better understand the cause and effect of economic dependence.
To study qualitative features, such methods of economic research, as the economic-mathematical modeling and statisticalmethod.In recent years, quite common mathematical modeling, which is a description of reality in a simplified form, as well as abstract generalization using graphs and equations that describes the relationship between economic variables.If we talk about economic statistics, it is possible to use it to get a more accurate measurement and quantitative description of the processes that are characteristic of mass phenomena of economic activity over a long period of time - 10-20 years or more.
Methods of economic phenomena in conjunction with other scientific methods to solve such an important task as identifying common to all of the systems studied the elements and features, patterns of development, as well as the differences between the systems themselves.Economic methods of play today an important role in the development of modern economy and the state as a whole.
