In the complex science called philosophy, there are various methods of learning and studying, as well as a large number of theories.One of the most common is the theory of dialectics, or, according to the scientific definition of the theory of the development of all things in the world and the philosophical method based on it.Using the theory of dialectics, scientists can study the different aspects of reality (matter, spirit, consciousness and cognition), as well as their development.Dialectic in philosophy shows the reflection of this process through their own (dialectical) laws, categories and principles - in contrast to metaphysics, which studies a particular item at a particular time and in a particular state.
Experts note that the main problem of this theory can be formulated as follows: "What is development?".Dialectics is responsible - called the development of one of the most important characteristics of matter and its total property.Moreover, and very importantly, we have in mind not only the development of the mechanical (increase in size), but also intelligent, implying the transition to the next level of matter organization.Dialectic in philosophy also means development as a kind of movement, but it clarifies - without the development of this movement is not possible.Dialectics acts in accordance with the laws of a few, that is, certain objective, from a man and his will to be independent, recurring relationships between all entities of reality within these entities.These laws are common, necessary and stable, covering all aspects of reality and reveal the foundations of the relationship of movement and development in the very depth of field.As for metaphysics, the development (and its laws), it does not in any way affect.
Dialectic in philosophy is guided primarily by the law of unity and struggle of opposites, the meaning of which is that in reality all that exists is a unity of opposites, which are thus in a constant struggle.The most striking example of the dialectical law of action is night and day, youth and old age, winter and summer, and it is not only the unity and struggle of these principles, but their constant inner movement and development.The second law of dialectics - a transition to a qualitative change of quantitative changes.First of all, it should be noted that the concept of quality is a stable system and the characteristics of certain bonds subject while the number - this parameter definition object such as its size and weight, size and volume.In contrast to metaphysics, dialectics in philosophy argues that in reality there is a possibility of change in the quality of quantitative changes.An example of this law is the heating of water, when the increase in the quantitative parameters (temperature) gradually lead to a change in water quality parameters (it will be hot).With regard to the law of negation of negation, its essence lies in the simple definition: everything new that comes in place of the old, old denies this, but gradually becomes a matter of self denial even newer.Examples of this law - a generational change, the daily process of the withering away of the body's cells and the formation of new ones.
Some scientists believe that the dialectic is an important part, which is based on the structure and function of philosophy.Its main principle - the principle of universal connection, consistency and causality, as well as the principle of historicism.From the point of view of both the dialectic and the philosophy of universal communication - it is the integrity of the world, its inner unity and interconnectedness.In addition, it is certainly the interdependence of all components of the world and reality, that is, all objects, phenomena and processes.Speaking about the reasons, the item and the whole philosophy and dialectics is solely for the links, uniform, passing one another, of which one generates the other and completes it.It may be noted that dialectics and metaphysics in philosophy are the two halves of a single large research process.
