Cultural Studies as a humanitarian science of the general laws of development of culture took shape in the works of the American scholar Leslie White.The formation of cultural studies as a science is still going on.Search methods, forms, definitions - all this testifies to some of its immaturity, but at the same time suggests that this came out of the philosophy of science as an independent discipline, while continuing to actively interact with it through a philosophy of culture.
Communication philosophy and culture is rather complicated due to mutual influence and interaction.This is due to the fact that the problems of cultural theory was originally developed as part of the philosophy and some of the individual disciplines of Cultural Studies under its strong influence.
the beginning of XX century philosophy begins to take shape theory of culture, due to the departure from the reflection and the increasing desire to describe what is culture.Moving away from the critical and symbolic relationship to culture, philosophy begins, based on ethnographic and anthropological data to simulate and predict the development of culture.With the development of methods for describing and appearance of the first descriptions of the culture, a new cultural studies science.
However, due to the fact that this young science of it, there are many interpretations and definitions of these can be divided into 3 main.
- Cultural Studies - a set of disciplines studying culture.The essence of the study is to understand the historical development of the system of understanding it.
- Cultural Studies - a collection of different areas to study the culture anyway: sociology of culture, philosophy, culture, etc. kulturoantropologiya
- Cultural - the science which studies the culture.Therefore it has its object of study, methods and forms.
subject of study Cultural Studies are different concepts with the help of which this science describes and examines the reality.
subject of study are cultural studies processes and phenomena occurring in society and have a direct bearing on its culture.
And subject of study are cultural studies features and specifics of modern civilization, its essence and specificity.
At the same time the subject of study are cultural studies differences of local cultures of individual regions and their development and interoperability at different stages of historical development.
process of human development, structure, nature and patterns - is also the subject matter of cultural studies.
Thus, cultural studies all phenomena of the spiritual and material culture.What is the phenomenon of spiritual culture can be considered an example of the icon.So, the word "icon", in Greek, means image, image.It is usually depicted either face of a saint, or an event of sacred history.However, the traditional style of the image is minimized parts of the material world, concentrating all the attention on the spiritual.The icon serves as an object of worship.
material culture are the daily life: food, its preparation and raw materials needs of nature and so on. N. Although the separation of culture on the spiritual and material rather arbitrary.So in due time in Russia there were many restrictions on the use of food in accordance with biblical teachings.For example, there was a strict ban on the use of burbot (they have no scales), crayfish and potatoes, which is called the "devil's eggs."On the basis of these prohibitions on the eating of potatoes in the nineteenth century in the Perm region was a wave of peasant revolts.While there is currently no such prohibitions.
studying the phenomenon of material and spiritual culture, cultural studies reveals its laws.
