Sociology of culture - an independent discipline of a public nature, which so far has a number of outstanding theoretical, methodological and practical problems.
First of all, the researchers themselves show the uncertainty of the scope of the main concepts of the discipline - "culture".It is virtually a comprehensive, and its boundaries are blurred so that this concept can be described as almost any manifestation of public life.This understanding of the subject, which explores the sociology of culture may vary depending on the interpretation of the term "culture", the variety of methodological and theoretical orientations that are selected for a particular study.
This discipline has become a highly influential Western cultural trends of the twentieth century, which was introduced by the sociology of M. Adler.
cultural and social relationship was understood as a whole and its component parts.According to L. White culture should be considered as an aspect of all possible social interactions, so sociology can not be separated from the social cultural.
the study of culture from the point of view of sociology is important to determine the approach, the selection of activities or valuable components that allow you to combine individual elements of culture system to analyze data at different hierarchical levels, using both methods of science.
most significant representatives of the sociology of culture, the work of which was the decision of the important methodological and theoretical problems in these areas were Weber and A. Weber, T. Parsons, Leslie White, Robert Merton, A.Mol and others.
Culture - it is a process and an object of study that deals with the sociology of culture.Culture is the special qualitative state of society, which is characterized by certain physical and spiritual development indicators (production, science, arts, education, sports, health, social protection of citizens, law, politics, etc.)
In order to understand more clearly allmoments that relate to the studied discipline problems, we must understand that it is a specific branch of knowledge at the interface of two areas: the sociology and culture.It follows that studies the sociology of culture patterns of development of the cultural manifestations of its laws in the activities of people.
There are several approaches , in which sociology of culture examines its object.In one group are combined approaches that tend to describe the culture in its statics.Within this group includes such groups as the substantive theories, value (axiological), symbolic, text (semiotic) theory.
second group consists of hiking, which describe the dynamics of culture.They can be defined as an activity-related, gaming, communication, technological theory.The third group includes theories that called subjective (emphasis on the media, cultural activities) and dialog (to answer the question of how culture organizes itself).
All of these theories and approaches exist in interaction and complement each other.
Sociology of culture studies contradictory trends and the factors that influence the genesis of culture and the culture of the overall picture in terms of the development of society.Make up a knowledge of the individual layers is complex and dependent on each other elements: creative activities and methods ("Technologies") of human activity;creation, preservation, assimilation and transmission of ideas, perceptions and cultural values;analysis of cultural phenomena, etc.
in the cultural context of sociology studies the stable and repetitive forms of relationship people within social communities, the dynamics of the emerging cultural relations, which gives an indication of the degree of development of social relations and cultural progress or the regression.
