Science and scientific knowledge is a system of philosophy, which is defined as the knowledge gained through practical, consisting of research and development of the processes and phenomena that occur in the environment, as well as in society and the individual.
Scientific knowledge in philosophy has two main levels: empirical and theoretical.Empirical knowledge includes information obtained in various ways, through observation and experiment.A theoretical knowledge is more complicated and is based on fundamental laws of science and organize the scattered facts and phenomena, summarizes the initial findings.
Scientific knowledge in philosophy uses many tools and techniques that depend on the level of knowledge.For empirical knowledge is characterized, as mentioned above, observation and experiment.Observation - a perception of objects and phenomena by means of sensory perception, and the experiment is provided by active practical impact on the phenomena and processes of nature.
theoretical scientific knowledge in philosophy begins with hypothesizing that pulls allegedly going on to explain the phenomenon.For it used the inductive method is to move from the particular to the general, from the simple to the more complex and deductive - consisting in summing up in accordance with the laws.
most important goal of the hypothesis - the discovery and formulation of laws, so it flows smoothly into the theory.And this is the whole system of evidence with detailed explanation and further prediction of the phenomena.
study of the real world does not only science and scientific knowledge.Ordinary scientific knowledge and marching in lockstep, because woven into each other, and in close cooperation contribute to the replenishment of store of knowledge mankind.Science develops based on ordinary knowledge that reflects only those objects and aspects of reality, which can be applied in real life in practice.More often than not, what is considered reliable everyday and scientific knowledge are rarely rejected.But the accuracy of the knowledge all science proves the same, and only then they recognize the truth.
What are the differences between scientific and everyday knowledge?First and foremost, they are determined by the peculiarities of the methods of cognitive activity.Ordinary appeals to a greater knowledge of daily practice.Learned in this case, does not determine his actions as a learning process.A scientist all objects and objects of reality regards as a cognitive task.Ordinary knowledge does not require special training, without which scientific knowledge is almost impossible.The first is carried out automatically when there is a socialization of the individual, in the development of thinking, as well as in the context of the development of cultural values and the comprehension of the experience of previous generations.The truth is established only in ordinary knowledge of personal form, then there exists in the subjective form.A scientific knowledge tends to objective truth, independent of the prevailing conditions at the moment.
Scientific knowledge in philosophy tends to integrity.It does not allow rigging prohibits plagiarism.Repetition of the opening because of the lack of information is possible, but the award of authorship has produced scientific discovery is considered to be deeply immoral situation.The scientific community has strongly denied falsifying facts and uncompromisingly apply to such cases.
Thus, science is always striving for objectivity and departure from the ordinary experience for the independent study of objects of reality.
