Currently, psychology is one of the most dynamic and popular in various spheres of life science.Objectives of psychology as a science of it all require greater involvement in the field of practical application of its achievements.
main stages of development of psychological science are as follows.
1. prescientific (up to the VI century BC.).All representations of the soul based only on myths and religion.
2. Science (VI cent. BC - XVIII centuries. AD).The strong influence exerted on the psychology of philosophy.He outlined the main problems of psychological science-related research activities and knowledge of the soul.
3. Assotsianistichesky (a. XVIII - n. XIX century.).Psychology studies consciousness, which is based on feelings and perceptions.
4. Experimental (mid. XIX - n. XX centuries.).There has been a methodological crisis of science.
5. Methodology (10-30-ies. XX century.).Science is divided into school and home: there structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, and others. Provided projective psychoanalysis and other scientific methods.
6. Humanist (1940-1960-ies.).The focus is not the inner world of man and nature.
7. Modern (from the second half of XX century.).Improving techniques of experimental research psychology.
Tasks psychology as a science can be defined as.Before modern psychology is a lot of theoretical and practical problems.Summary - study of the laws of mind and mental activity in development.
psychologists study a huge number of areas and events.It processes the condition and individual characteristics of people who have varying degrees of complexity.Many of them have been studied, and many continue to engage in psychological science today.It is designed to compare and integrate the accumulated knowledge, and analyze them.The purpose of science is the disclosure of the phenomena studied.Objectives of psychology as a science require it to identify the objective relations of natural and social properties of people studying the correlation of biological and social characteristics and determinants in its development.This task is one of the most difficult.
At the beginning of its development, psychology has long been a purely theoretical discipline.Today, its task - approach to life and address the specific challenges faced by the individual and society as a whole.It must become a practical science that is applicable in the fields of industry, education, government, culture, sports, medicine, etc.Psychology should seek to address the specific challenges in many areas, defined by the "human factor."
Thus, the main task of psychology as a science can be summarized as follows: to learn to understand the essence of psychological phenomena, to understand their patterns and learn how to manage them, to enter knowledge into practical application, create a theoretical basis for the practice of psychological services.
Life today is growing rapidly, touching and interacting closely with other sciences.Determine the place of psychology among other sciences may consider it in relation to the whole complex of disciplines that intersect on the subject, objectives and goals.
Science itself takes between other Philosophy (natural and social) intermediate position, affecting their individual areas.It integrates data of various sciences, representing a kind of model chelovekoznaniya.
Psychology is closely related to the natural sciences.It makes extensive use of experimental techniques in their research.It is this science have developed many methods of statistical calculations.On the other hand, psychology - it is the humanities, interwoven with all the knowledge of the person.BG Ananiev defined the place of psychology among other sciences as the core of all of the human sciences.
interaction with other sciences is reflected in the variety of branches of psychology: psychology of the person (link to anthropology), the psychology of abnormal development, Psychosomatics, pathopsychology (link with psychiatry), neuropsychology (link to anatomy and neurobiology), psychogenetics (linked to genetics), psycholinguistics(link to speech therapy), judicial and criminal psychology (communication with law), etc.
