bleeding diathesis - is the generic name of a whole group of different diseases, united by one common feature - bleeding.There are both the hereditary form, and acquired.Here is an example of three different diseases in this group.
hemorrhagic vasculitis, which is called differently Henoch's disease.It is the most common bleeding diathesis.The cause of this disease lies in the non-specific microvascular, which leads to bleeding and thrombosis.By provoking factors include cold, allergic reactions and the effect of parasites.In this disease are four forms:
- lightning;
- island, which can last from several weeks to several months;
- prolonged - can last from several months to many years;
- recurrent, with long periods of stable remission.
Onset always characterized by fever, from thirty-eight - thirty-nine degrees, and gradually reduced to subfebrile.At the same time it begins to appear purpura, in which sometimes there are elements of hives.In severe disease in the centers of elements of the rash may appear foci of necrosis, and then - brown.After the disappearance of the rash on the skin pigmentation necessarily remain areas that will be visible for a long time.Gradually, the pain in the large joints.In most cases, especially in children, develops either permanent or paroxysmal abdominal pain, which is caused by bleeding in the mesentery and in the intestinal wall.It appears bloody vomiting.Kidneys may be affected by the type of glomerulonephritis - either acute or chronic.In the urine, respectively, and blood protein appears.
Diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical.Laboratory tests confirmed disseminated intravascular coagulation.
How to cure a diathesis-Henoch purpura?The patient must be compulsorily hospitalized, strict bed rest should be observed for at least three weeks.From medication used heparin, rutin and ascorbic acid.Contraindicated sulfa drugs, antibiotics and physiotherapy.It is forbidden to consume coffee, cocoa, strawberries, citrus fruit, any fruit drinks and juices.In the event of a pronounced pain in the joints are used indomethacin, analgin, brufen.
Hemophilia is a bleeding diathesis, which is caused by lack of factor VIII in the body, and Factor IX blood clotting.This disease is caused by a genetically transmitted it to the X chromosome, that is, the media - a woman, a sick man.Since the blood loses its ability to clot, the patient may die from virtually any bleeding.But apart from bleeding from wounds can hemorrhage under the skin to the muscles in the cavity of the large joints.
This hemorrhagic diathesis found in childhood.Until that stops bleeding from the umbilical wound.The urine is often found hematuria.
Treatment is patient blood transfusion or her medications, as well as Factor VIII concentrate.
Thrombocytopenic purpura, idiopathic or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.More common in women.This disease is associated with a reduction in platelet count.The result is that there is bleeding.The cause of the disease is most often due to problems with immunity.This disease is characterized hemorrhages in the skin, most often localized on the legs and the front half of the body, as well as on the site of injection.Threatening symptom that indicates a risk of bleeding in the brain - a hemorrhage in the mucosa of the eyes or on the skin.Symptoms and pinch the harness - positive.There is an increase in the spleen.
diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory findings.
prednisolone treatment is carried out to achieve a positive effect, also made the platelets transfusion of fresh blood and donor.
All of these diseases are life-threatening patients, especially hemorrhagic diathesis in children.
