Our region is famous for its beautiful scenery and an abundance of flora and fauna.In our country there are many places where this natural heritage guarded in a special way.The number of such areas include nature reserves of the Leningrad region.Here, guarded by animals and birds, as some of them listed in the Red Book of Russia.Also of particular value are the rare plants and unique landscapes.
The purpose of the reserve
By decision of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR in 1980. June 11 was founded Nizhnesvirsky Reserve.Up to this point, these places are sanctuaries, but scientists through comprehensive studies have proven the need to establish the reserve.In this decision influenced by several factors.But the main reason is the protection and study of the rich fauna, which found a rare species growing offshore reservoirs in forests and swamps.Also found parking migratory birds and spawning grounds of valuable fish, which require protection.
During World War II these places was damaged by military action.Also left their mark on numerous fires and natural disasters.In addition, before the area was placed under protection of the state, people cut down forests for economic purposes.Visiting these places by tourists, berries and fishermen also harmed nature.
Today Nizhnesvirsky Reserve is at rest from human activity, all the inhabitants feel free.During this time, several times increased the number of beaver families, as well as the number of gray cranes began to increase.It is worth noting that in the 1960s in these places disappeared completely gray geese.Today, they again began to appear on the inland lakes.
for Conservation of Nature walks are not permitted casual tourists.But for those travelers who wish to explore these extraordinary places, scientists are organized tours twice a year.Although not far from the reserve have plants and large factories, the air is clean.
Geographic information
Nizhnesvirsky State Nature Reserve is located on the right bank of the river.Svir and borders Olonets Reserve.It is located in Leningrad region.The reserve occupies 41.4 thousand hectares.Of these, land is 36,000 hectares, and the rest - it is water area of Lake Ladoga.On the whole territory of many small streams and ponds.More than half of the territory - a moorland, so the reserve belongs to the wetlands.The terrain is mainly flat.It may be noted that the waters of this area have a characteristic brown color.This is due to the fact that the waters are rich in iron and clay soil.
Climate Reserve
This territory is temperate continental climate, which is strongly influenced by Atlantic cyclones.For the year here falls to 600 mm of rain.The overwhelming number of days in the area blow the southern and south-westerly winds.In summer the weather is rainy and moderately warm air.In the winter frosts descend to minus 200C, but every month Nizhnesvirsky reserve "visits" the thaw, which lasts about a week or less.
Forest
predominant forest type in this area - a pine with blueberries.But you can meet seroolshaniki, birch, aspen.Pine forests are low and the young, since at the time they are hit by fires (mostly caused by humans) and by cutting.But the swamps you can find old forests that have never been touched by man.Nizhnesvirsky Reserve has a very varied landscape.Here alternate transition mires, various parts of the forest, sandy beaches, reeds and rushes, riverside meadows and forest clearing.
Fauna
Many birds and some animals very fond Nizhnesvirsky Reserve.The list of animals that live here, not great, but remarkable.Normally this species, which are typical of middle.So, in the reserve are found brown bears, elk, badgers, bobcats, beavers.In total here there are 44 species of mammals.
But the special attraction is a huge variety of birds.It put on the account of about 250 species of winged.The flight that happen twice a year, it seems a miracle of nature.Huge numbers of geese, ducks, cranes rises into the sky and creates a broad gray "way."Spring back here many waterfowl.Sometimes the number reaches 1 million. The marshy areas populate gray cranes.Sometimes, on the banks of the river can be seen as the swans stop to rest.On the Svir Bay usual huge number of ducks.Also known locally capercaillie leks.In addition, there live birds, which are listed as endangered.This osprey, black stork and white-tailed eagle.
This place was a real refuge for rare species, but other than that, there are still reserves the Leningrad region, which are home to wild inhabitants.These places are also interesting for its rare flora and fauna.These include Ingermanlandsky reserves and sanctuaries Mshinskaya swamp.
