Category "motif" refers to the most important in a number of science, and therefore is interpreted quite broadly.With regard to training activities, the most appropriate would be to resort to the definition of this category, which is offered Leontiev,
ANLeontiev primarily suggested not to equate the notion of purpose and motive, as they differ in their psycho-behavioral nature.In addition, he argued that the motivation of educational activity koovariativna - ie some motives may be manifested in different ways, and even be quite different, with the pursuit of the same goals, and, conversely, for different purposes can generate the desire to sharethe same motives.
motif, in its simplest form, is a factor for causing a person to an activity.All of them can be classified on the conscious and unconscious.For example, a student may be made to understand clearly that we must learn, with its own motives of educational activity may be it is not clear.They become more realizable only at extremely betrothed learning task, and specifically formulated local objectives, such as a first-grader can be motivated to do homework, so it does not hurt my parents bad grades.But this does not mean that this motif spread to the understanding of the importance of homework at all.
study of motivational human nature, especially schoolchildren, acts a complex task and requires studying their entire hierarchy, to its formation in the interest of the teaching system and represented the whole process.
In this study, the starting point can serve the idea that any human activity polimotivirovana, that is, the cause of a single act or acts may have different motives.They are so many that for the convenience of their study, they are classified on various grounds.Here are some types of motivation, which are directly related to educational activity and its results:
- negative motivation manifests itself as a factor of motivation to the doctrine on the basis of understanding the disciple that if he does not learn, it will lead to a negative impact of family, school, peers, etc.
- positive motivation of educational activity, which usually manifests itself in two main forms.
If some circumstances, it is determined by social objectives of human, student, for example, the desire to go to a prestigious school after graduation.This position turns into a permanent installation on the student a positive attitude to learning, because it is perceived by them as part of a general social problem.
In other circumstances, positive motivation of educational activity is manifested only as a motive is not relevant to the solution of social problems of positioning.In this case, it acts as a motivating factor to learn to just be intellectually developed person, inquisitive.
Modern science claims that the motivation of educational activity includes a variety of motives that enough can be divided into two groups.
Cognitive motives differ in that they are directly related to the process of learning.The second group - the social - increasingly characterizes the student connection with other people, but indirectly affect his teaching.
basis of cognitive motives consists of the following:
- ample motivation, that is, those that are directly oriented on student mastery of knowledge, which seemed to "trigger" an interest in teaching.
- educational and informative, are the ones that encourage students to master learning methodology in the broad sense, that is, techniques and methods of the teaching itself.
- self-motivation include all those that orient the student to develop the methods of obtaining educational information and therefore encourage him to go for it to the teachers, parents, adults, literature, etc.
social motivation of educational activity also includes broad social motives and narrow.The first includes everything that contributes to the understanding of the social significance of the teaching apprentice, his social utility.The latter help to shape the desire to acquire status through their knowledge obtained in the course of successful teaching.There are special reasons of social cooperation, which motivate the young man to communicate, interact with peers, all forms of collective action.
is important to understand that a variety of motives of educational activity does not exhaust all the difficulties of its investigation, the case is still in the fact that in the course of the teachings of the formation of learning motivation can change, because an important factor in the success of the teaching for each teacher and educator (in the broad sense) performs the tasktracking trends.
