theory of motivation developed by different schools of thought over a long historical time, and today formed a lot of scientific approaches to the explanation of this phenomenon.ANLeontiev, for example, believed that the motive and motivation in psychology is a whole sphere of scientific interest, under which explores issues of abilities, the dynamics of mental processes associated with knowledge and mastery.Because the answer to the question, what is the motive, he sought his sources - practice.This approach is called cognitive science, where consciousness and knowledge are central.
Other approaches have investigated the motivation as a factor in behavioral origin and meaning.In particular, Atkinson developed a concept that, in addition to the actual knowledge-aspect considered motive as a regulator of behavior, that is, its significance expands to include almost the whole field of social relations.
In the most general form of motifs can be interpreted as stable motives of committing any human actions, actions or conduct of a certain lifestyle.Motivation, in this context, appears as a dynamic process that includes the initialization of human behavior, to determine the direction of this behavior, his explanation of themselves and others, and the activity of the organization, ie the sustainability of activities in accordance with the motive.
Understanding what the motive is the source parameter characteristics of human needs.This manifested his power, frequency and occurrence of symptoms, methods and ways of implementation.Another important motive as the concept becomes the study of objective human activity.Here its nature is manifested in the fact that they are determined by the relevance of the objectives and the degree of awareness.The fact is that the motivation of behavior is often seen as a conscious and unconscious
to more systematically to imagine what motive, what scientific interpretations adopted and developed in science, it is best to show the content of the concepts developed in psychology with regard to this issue,.
Darwin's evolutionary theory gave impetus to the study of the psychic nature of man first on the level of instincts.Freud Makdaugoll, Pavlov and others tried to explain many (if not all) forms of human behavior influence of instinct, which is seen as the main motivational setting.Then, the limitations of such an interpretation has led to the emergence of behavioral theory (behaviorist).
This trend in psychology most clearly in the works received clearance Watson, Hull, Skinner, in which they tried to explain what determines the behavior motive, stimulus-reactive factor.Significant contribution to the development of this area of ​​psychology and asking what motive and what is its nature, made by Bernstein and Anokhin.
In the second half of the last century a well-known doctrine of "universal consumer society", one of the theorists of which was William Maslow.Representatives of the scientific school motif treated as a dynamic phenomenon, developing in accordance with the evolution of human needs.These are they represented as follows.Buyers are formed sequentially and accompany all human life.Their dynamics are as follows: first appear and develop physiological (hunger, thirst, etc.) Needs, and then, successively, the need for security, belonging and love, to respect, knowledge and skills (cognitive), self-actualization (realization of their goals).In parallel with this process is the development of motivational sphere of the person, which may be delayed in relation to the needs, and perhaps ahead of her.This dissonance and harmony, in the end, determined by a person's behavior in society.
