Like many centuries ago, modern humans in the rainy autumn and winter days prefer leather and fur garments.But few of them will be able to say thanks to the master any profession skins turned into fine fur.Furrier - is an ancient craft, rare and in demand nowadays specialty.
Where it appeared and how to develop, its nuances and features - try to give answers to all these questions.
Why is it called?
Furrier - ancient profession.Its name is derived from the old Russian word "soon", which means "furs, pelt or skin of animals."Such a specialist in ancient times involved dressing as a fur and fur skins and skin animals, of which subsequently made hats, clothes and shoes.
today considered to be the master furrier, who maketh skins to fur is cut and sewn from their various products.
History and development
furrier's craft began to develop back in those days when cavemen began to hunt and use as a garment hides harvested animals.Of course, the first product furriers were far from perfect, but it worked out because the methods and techniques of manufacturing fur.Over time, people have learned to handle them and use as a bed, and to protect their homes from the cold air and moisture.Later the man was able to train and domesticate many wild animals before time.With the development of processing cattle hides and production of these different things became a separate branch of agriculture.
ancient Egyptians used in the daily life of the various products of leather.This art they adopted the Romans used to process and manufacture a variety of natural substances and materials, such as various minerals, bark, seeds, and fruit trees and shrubs.
Over time furrier business perfected and formed as a craft.Its development was influenced by the presence or absence of fur and fur resources, the traditions of its peoples, and skill level.
furrier art
Russia on the territory of the Russian principalities were always a lot of forest, which is home to various animals with beautiful and warm skins.Of these ancient Russians did not only warm clothes for themselves, but they are also actively traded with many foreign countries.That Russian masters were among the most skilled furriers.According to written sources of the time, went on sale fur marten, beaver, sable, ermine and fox.Fur long time been the main item of Russian trade.They have also taken tribute from conquered peoples.For the processing of hides used natural ingredients: the bark and leaves of various plants, minerals, and even rye bread.
In the Middle Ages fur was subdivided into a simple and luxurious and determined the person's social status.It was then that there was a fur fashion and, accordingly, the first designers.Skinner tailor the time specialized in any particular form or on a sheepskin valuable furs and precious furs, skins of wild animals.Its wizard sold at specialized fairs and fur markets.
Specificity profession
Today furrier - a specialist who uses in his work as special tools and chemicals, and processing of old recipes.But quite often the master furrier business already working with ready-made skins, picking up and raskraivaya those that are suitable for creating things.
Large manufacturing purchasing raw hides, as they are cheaper, and in the process of manufacturing them can be treated as it should, for example, to make laser cut or staining.
Specialty
furrier in the old days - a wagon, which were manufactured and cut out and sewed fur.Today, according to OKPR (National Classification of occupations workers) are the following possible specialization such masters:
- compositor;
- Pattern cutting;
- finisher.
Furrier-compositor engaged in recruiting and folding, cropping patterns and drawings for animal skins, as well as the application of special labels indicating their position in the cut.
Job furrier-Pattern cutting is the selection of skins for color, density and height of the fur, trimming patterns and direct cutting of plates of various furs.
Furrier-finisher handles the hem, armholes and sides of products, monitoring and correction of deficiencies and defects Fur working.
Large enterprises typically use specialized workers, but in the current market conditions, the master often combines all the expertise, from manufacture to sew and finished products.
Today, the greatest demand in the fur atelier are furrier services such as repair and perelitsovka fur and leather products.
required quality
specialist furrier must not only be well versed in a variety of furs, but also:
- know the features of their treatment;
- noticing defects and correct them skillfully;
- have artistic flair and taste;
- know how they fabricate, process, cut out and sew.
In addition, a good furrier - a man with a trained and developed an eye estimation, visual-shaped and tactile memory, since it is necessary to distinguish similar shades of color and texture of the material, be clear about the position of each piece of fur in the finished product.Accuracy and thoroughness, perseverance and endurance are also necessary qualities to master this specialty.
