Among all school disciplines, and just science, biology occupies a special place.It is the oldest, the first and natural science, the interest that has arisen with the advent of the man and his evolution.In different time era of the study of this discipline evolved differently.Research in biology carried out using all the new methods.However, they are still the ones that were relevant from the start and have not lost their relevance.What are ways of learning science and that in general this is a discipline that we consider in this article.
Biology as science
If you delve into the etymology of the word "biology", that in Latin is literally going to sound like "the science of life."And so it is.This definition reflects the essence of the science in question.It has been studying the biology of the whole variety of life on our planet, and if necessary such that the inside and outside.
There are several biological kingdoms of nature, which are combined in the general morphological, anatomical, physiological and genetic features all members of biomass.This kingdom:
- Animals.
- Plants.
- Mushrooms.
- viruses.
- bacteria or prokaryotes.
each represents a huge number of species and other taxonomic units, which once again underlines the diverse nature of our planet.The task of biology as a science - to explore them all, starting from the birth and ending with death.Also, identify the mechanisms evolve, the relationship with each other and the person by nature.
Biology - a common name, which includes the whole family podnauk and disciplines involved in detailed research on living beings and all manifestations of life.
As already stipulated above, the study of biology was carried out by people since ancient times.Person interested in how to construct the plants, the animals, he does.Observations of wildlife and draw conclusions as to accumulate factual material, the theoretical basis of science.
achievements of modern biology in general stepped far forward and allow to look into the smallest and unimaginably complex structures to interfere with the natural processes and change their direction.What sort of ways at all times managed to achieve such results?
Research Methods in Biology
To obtain knowledge necessary to use different methods for their preparation.This applies to the biological sciences.Therefore, this discipline has its own set of measures to replenish the methodological and factual piggy bank.This research methods in biology.The lesson in biology in school necessarily affect the subject, because the question - the foundation.Therefore, a way to talk about these additional natural history or biology lessons in the fifth grade education.
What are the different methods of research?
- description.
- method of observation in biology.
- experiment.
- comparison.
- modeling method.
- historical method.
- modernized version, based on the latest advances in technology and modern equipment.For example, electron spectroscopy and microscopy, staining, chromatography, molecular biology, and others.
They were always important, and remain so today.However, there is among them one that came first and is still the most important.
method of observation in biology
It is this version of the study is determining the first and significant.What is monitoring?It is of interest to obtain information about an object through the senses.That is, you can understand what kind of living creature in front of you with the help of hearing, sight, touch, smell and taste.
That's learned to distinguish between the elements of the biomass of our ancestors.So continuing research in biology and the present day.It is impossible to know how the caterpillar pupation and the emergence from the cocoon of a butterfly, if you do not observe this firsthand for fixing a time.
And there are hundreds of examples.All zoology, mycology, botany, algology and other scientists are watching the selected object and obtain full information about their structure, the way of life, interacting with the environment, especially the physiological processes and other intricacies of the organization.
Therefore, the method of observation in biology and is considered the most important, first and historically significant.Working closely with him is another way to study - description.After all, to observe a little, it is necessary also to describe what was able to see, that is, to fix the result.It will be in the future, and the theoretical basis of knowledge about a particular subject.
give an example.If ichthyology should conduct research in a particular type of fish, such as perch pink, it, first of all, studies already existing theoretical base, which made the observations scientists before him.He then proceeds to the observations of himself and carefully records all the results.Then we conducted a series of experiments and compared the results with those that already existed before.So it turns out the question of where they can, for example, to spawn these fish?What conditions are necessary for them to do, and how widely they vary?
Obviously, the method of observation in biology, as well as description, comparison and experiment closely associated in a single complex - research methods of wildlife.
experiment
This method is not unique to biology, but also for chemistry, physics, astronomy, and others.It allows you to clearly see in one or another theory is suggested.With the experiment confirm or refute hypotheses are put forward the theory and axioms.
It was discovered experimentally in animals circulation, respiration and photosynthesis in plants, and a number of other physiological vital processes.
Simulation and comparison
Comparison - a method that allows you to create an evolutionary line for each species.That this method is the basis of information, which is compiled on the basis of the classification of species, the tree of life are built.
Modeling same method is more mathematical, especially if we talk about the process of building a computer model.This process involves the creation of such situations on the study of the object that it is impossible to observe in the wild.For example, what effect a particular drug on the human body.
historical method
lies at the basis of identification of the origin and formation of every organism, its development and changes in the course of evolution.Based on these data and build theories hypothesize the appearance of life on Earth, the development of each kingdom of nature.
Biology class 5
very important time to instill the interest of students to the science in question.Today, there are textbooks "Biology. 5 class" monitoring them - the main method of investigation of the subject.That's what guys gradually master the full depth of this science, comprehend its meaning and importance.
To the lessons were interesting and the children vaccinated interest to explore, more time should be given to it this method.It is only when the pupil in the microscope to observe cell behavior and structure, it is able to realize all the interest of this process and how all this is subtle and important.Therefore, according to modern requirements of the activity approach to the study of the subject - is the key to successful assimilation of knowledge by students.
And if one studies the process children will be reflected in the diary of observations on the biology, then the trace of the object will stay with them for life.And formed a love of nature and the world around them.
-depth study of the subject
If we talk about specialized classes, aimed at deeper, detailed study of science, it should be said the most important thing.For such children should have developed a special program of in-depth study of biology, which will be built on observations in the field (summer practice), as well as on permanent experimental studies.Children themselves should make sure that the theoretical knowledge that is embedded in their heads.It was then possible new discoveries, achievements and the birth of the men of science.
biological role of education in schools
In general, children need to study biology, not only because the nature of the need to love, cherish and protect.But also because it greatly expands their outlook, allows us to understand the mechanisms of life processes, know yourself inside and to care about their health.
If periodically to tell the children about what the achievements of modern biology has and how it affects people's lives, they themselves realize the importance and significance of science.Imbued with love for her, which means that love and its object - the wildlife.
achievements of modern biology
such, of course, a lot.If you designate a time frame in at least fifty years, we can list the following outstanding achievements in the field of the science in question.
- genome of animals, plants and humans.
- reveal the mechanism of division and cell death.
- Revealing essence flow of genetic information in the emerging body.
- cloning of living beings.
- creation (synthesis) of biologically active substances, drugs, antibiotics, antivirals.
Such achievements of modern biology allow a person to control certain diseases of humans and animals, not allowing them to develop.They allow to solve many problems that overtake people in the XXI century: terrible epidemic virus, hunger, lack of potable water, poor environmental conditions and others.
