Among all known plants occupy a special place various shrubs.This is explained by their intermediate position between the grasses and trees, as well as an extremely important agricultural value.In this article we look at signs to help you determine what is called a shrub plant, which has its own characteristics.Also check their diversity.
Possible plant species
as modern diversity of plants is extremely high, it is necessary to their classification.Not only for strictly defined taxa, which help determine the location in the organic world, but also in appearance plant that is in his life form.
most common system - a classification Serebryakov IG adopted in 1964.According to her, all the plants are divided into the following groups:
- woody plants.This category includes trees, shrubs and bushes.
- Poludrevesnye - shrubs and sub-shrubs.
- Ground grass.
- Water grass.
The basis of such a classification is the length of the main axes plant and the duration of his life.
According to Serebryakov, called bush plant which has several wooden stems.In general it is untrue and is a recognized feature of these plants.However, there are some subtleties structure bushes.
shrub called the plant, which has ...
To answer the question of what is called the bush, first give a few simple examples of such well-known plants.It:
- lilac;
- juniper;
- Rowan;
- cherries;
- buckthorn;
- wild rose, and others.
Now, when it clearly is formed in the mind of the visual representation of these plants, it is possible to define a scientific point of view.
shrub called the plant, which is originally a wooden barrel, but with a very young age is even more of the same trunk formed from dormant buds.That is all it turns out a lot of trunks.
Adults bush called a plant that has a few wooden barrels equivalent, of which it is impossible to distinguish the head.This rosette is the only all stems.These plants can significantly vary in height.
example, bird cherry - it is a tall shrub, resembling in many ways been a real tree.A dwarf willow - a very low flowering shrub, whose height does not exceed 5 cm.
basic features bush
can summarize all of the above and several major distinguishing features characteristic of shrubs:
- Availability originally a wooden trunktype.
- formation eventually sets woody stems that are quite equivalent to the entire plant.
- Have a rosette for all stems.
- various sizes and adaptations for life.
- shorter term life cycle in comparison with trees.
- inhabit virtually all climatic zones of the Earth, from the subtropics and ending tundra.
- All barrels updated over time, which is due to the death of the old and new growth.
Thus, a bush called the plant, which has a number of distinctive features, allowing them to isolate from herbs and from the trees.
Classification shrubs
Like all other natural forms of plants, shrubs have their own classification.According to her, they are of the following types:
- Those that have very lignified stem lengthwise.Among them can be designated several options: loose, aeroksilnye, lianoidnye, erect, prostrate, present and cushion.
- with a shortened barrel.
- store water in stems leafless shrubs.
- Parasitic and poluparaziticheskie form.
closer look at each group and give examples to have an idea about these plants.
shrub with woody stems elongated
What types belong to this group, we have identified above.Now, briefly characterize each of them and give examples.
- erect shrub called the plant, which is one (1) woody stem and several side branches that grow vertically straight.This transitional forms between shrubs and trees.This group includes most species.Examples: astragalus, birch, cherry, rowan and others.
- These shrubs.It is those in which the aboveground part of the shoot less durable and more subtle than the underground ksilopodii.Examples: rose, barberry, bamboo, sea-buckthorn, snowberry, lilac and others.
- Creeping shrubs - those whose stems are branched and travel along the ground in some places entrenched.Examples: mountain alder, juniper, willow.
- Lianoidnye shrubs - like trees, vines, they used to grow other trees.The difference also lies in the fact that the thickness of the barrel at the much smaller shrubs.Examples: honeysuckle, parthenocissus, lemongrass and others.
Obviously, this type include the largest number of species of all known forms today shrub.
Shrubs with shorter shoots
Similarly bush called the plant, which has a wooden stalk with very frequent rosettes of leaves and much shorter internodes.Therefore, they look the part more on the lush grass.
Examples are few species of heather, dracophyllum, Erica, Rhododendron and others.Habitats - Australia and Oceania.
Shrubs parasites
This group includes a number of different species that have adapted to life at the expense of other plants.A typical example - the mistletoe.This parasite infests trees and sucks the life out of them all the juices.At the same time he has a fairly extensive hardwood crown and actively in the process of photosynthesis.
Attaches bush parasite to the branches of a tree with the help of special tools - Haustorium.Also in the example is Osiris and white members of the family loranthaceae.
interests of members of this family, known in Australia as a Christmas tree - nuytsiya obilnotsvetkovaya.It received its name for a beautiful bright orange and yellow flowers that bloom right up to the New Year.
obvious that the parasitic shrub called a plant that has special adaptations for life at the expense of other forms of vegetation.There are parasites basal, stem, above-ground and underground.
leafless shrubs
These include a number of families of cactus.Their thick fleshy stems are used for storing water, and leaves virtually reduced, transformed into a needle to reduce the evaporating surface.That is why these shrubs get their name.Locus is obvious - desert areas and typical of the desert.
Examples are species of the genus Opuntia.At the height of these bushes reach four meters, the flowers are bright yellow or red.Also included are species of the genus Euphorbia, which are used by people for various purposes.
