Fractional coins needed in every country, in every city where rigorous calculations are conducted between the people: for the purchase of food and other essential goods, services received.In different countries, petty cash are very different from each other, depending on the official currency.
Fractional coins: current value
this phrase we call small banknotes whose primary function is the exchange of the larger means of payment and most precise calculation between buyer and seller.These elements are very quick turn around and essentially wear out, they often have to produce.Therefore, they were minted from cheaper materials than precious metals.In this sense, the term "bargaining chip" is close to a definition: the purchasing power of a means of payment above the cost of the metal or alloy from which to make money.This avoids the cases of melting population, as well as the export of precious metals.In any country can not do without these currency, because making any purchase, everyone wants to save and protect penny earned.Let's find out what small coins in circulation in different countries, including in Russia.
Russian currencies: history
very first small coins, which appeared in Russia - is Pulo and money, some were struck in copper, others - made of silver.In the north-eastern Russia their production began in the XV century.Over time, the ratio of the second to the first change.There are historical references to equality in the money 60 and 72 Pulo.In the XIX century the Russian Empire used the silver coins.They all called bargaining, as they are only used for circulation within the country.Here they are:
- of silver valued at 20, 15, 10 and 5 cents;
- copper face value of 5, 3, 2 and 1 penny, as well as money (polkopeyki) and mite (quarter penny).
Small Russian money today
Fractional coins of Russia - it's a penny.Time passed silver and gold means of payment.Now banknotes metal denominated in rubles, called the exchange rate (for example, 1, 2, 5 and 10) and denominated in kopecks - bargaining.These include coins with a face value of 50, 10, 5 cents and 1 penny.It should be noted that the turnover rarely been possible to meet the 1- and 5-penny instances.Russian Central Bank has already received offers to stop their release.But while this is not possible in terms of current legislation, and we have to continue to mint these coins for replacement of worn-out, although their production goes to 15 and 73 kopecks for each respectively.
Currencies United States
Loose Change US in today's understanding - by any pay element of merit less than a dollar.These include 50, 25, 10, 5 cents and 1 cent.Under current law, US exchanges are those metallic moneys that:
- used to exchange larger;
- minted only state (individuals are not allowed to free coinage);
- available in sufficient quantity to serve the trade (a protection against depreciation below par value);
- not minted in gold, that is, from the standard monetary metal of the country;
- defective, have given them more than the intrinsic value of the denomination.
Loose Change UK
national currency of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (which includes Northern Ireland) - British pound sterling.This money is also used to measure several British Islands (Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, St. Helena).The unit acts as a penny, plural - pennies.The smallest coin of the UK - one penny, but the reverse is also used bank notes in denominations of 2 pence, 5, 10 and 50 pence.As the anniversary can be found 25 instances of dignity (produced from 1972 to 1981) and 20 (available since 1982) pence.Until 1992, small change money minted from bronze, but now they are made of steel and coated with copper.They are slightly thicker than their predecessors, but the diameter and the weight has not changed.The coins have a picture of the Queen - acting monarch.
What money will be useful in Turkey
Of course, if you go on a trip, on vacation in warmer climates, is now virtually everywhere you can pay in dollars or euros.But let's find out what the banknotes and fine payment unit used in the popular Turkish resorts.The national currency exchange rate of the country - a lyre.Loose Change Turkey - Kurush.All money's worth at least 1 lira considered bargaining, and this Kurush 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 kurush.All coins have a portrait of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who is considered the father of the Turkish secular state.The course of the lira against the dollar float.Can vary up to 5% percent during the day, so we can not say exactly what will be the ratio of a particular day.
Currency Egypt
national currency of the country - a pound of 100 piastres.Just piastres - a small coin (Egypt and Sudan, some areas use it today).In the back there are banknotes nominal value of 25 and 50. Before they were used, along with 5- and 10-piastrovye coins, but now they are rare.Directional elements can be found in the image of Cleopatra or minted name of the state.They are made of steel, and then coated with brass.In the resort cities of the country can be calculated in dollars and euros, along with piastres.
The pay Ukraine
Currency of this country - the hryvnia (in Ukrainian "UAH") - is equal to 100 kopecks.Now small coins of Ukraine - it's 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents.Paying UAH 1 par value of the element is considered foreign exchange.Banknotes 1, 2 cent and 5 cents are made of stainless steel, and higher ratings - of brass or aluminum bronze.They all have a coat of arms of Ukraine.
Fractional banknotes used in the Nordic countries
so called region in the north of Europe, with its own history and culture, which includes Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Iceland.This is the traditional "composition", as in everyday life to these countries was further added, and Finland.All of these countries are very similar and unusual stories with national currencies.Let's find out if these countries the euro (since outside the EU), or have their moneys, whether there is a small change in Scandinavia?
Sweden and Norway
national currency of Sweden - Swedish krona, which is equal to 100 era.Despite the fact that this country is a member of the European Union, the majority of people in the country against the introduction of the euro.This tends to only the population of large cities, as there is a large influx of tourists, the sales and the number of flights.As a bargaining chip performs 50 era, larger estimated 1 in the crown.A distinctive feature of this small unit of account is that it shows the three crowns on copies of the old model and the monogram of King Carl XVI Gustaf - in the new.
Norway also has a monetary measure - Norwegian krone, which is 100 era.But historically, that all payment elements of metal for 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 era today came out of turn.Last bargaining coin 50 era was withdrawn from use in 2012.So we can say that in Norway there is no swap of metal currency, negotiable only 1, 5, 10 and 20 crowns, as well as notes of larger denomination.Norway is not part of the EU, so there are no plans to introduce the euro.
Denmark and Iceland
In Iceland, as calculated by the Icelandic krona.She also was 100 Eire, but they came out of treatment earlier than in Norway - in 1995.In 2002, the government passed a law under which the 2003 bargaining chip Iceland does not exist officially, and Crown is no longer exchanged.You can see the items in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 kroner.
Denmark, though, and was part of for 12 years, the European Union is not a member of this community.Like all Nordic countries, uses its national currency - the Danish krone, and has no plans to transition to the euro, as shown by the result of the referendum in 2000.Fractional coins of Denmark are rated for 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 age.
Variety design banknotes of the European Union European Community
used in all calculations currency, the euro, equal to 100 euro cents.Produced issue of swap units 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents.Aversa (front side) of coins of the same denomination, but reverses different for countries producing them.It is interesting to collect the full collection of European swap characters, because each of them is original, has an original drawing of a single country.It will be quite difficult to get only monetary elements of the Vatican and Monaco, as their small area is not conducive to the production of a large batch of products and its wide distribution.Coins of 1, 2 and 5 cents produced from steel coated with copper, and 10, 20 and 50 - an alloy of copper, zinc, tin and aluminum, which looks like gold and 20 dimes has a small notch on the side.
list some of the country and the image on the reverse of their small coins:
- Austria flowers alpine grechavki, edelweiss, primrose (alpine primrose), St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, the main gate to the Upper Belvedere with the emblem of Prince Eugene of Savoy, ViennaSecession (the symbol of a bridge between the monetary systems);
- Belgium: the profile of King Albert II;
- Vatican: a portrait of Benedict XVI;
- Germany branch of the oak, the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin;
- Greece Athenian trireme, a corvette, a marine tanker, Rigas Fereosa portrait, portrait of Ioannis Capodistrias, portrait Eleftherios Venizelos;
- Ireland Celtic harp;
- Spain Cathedral of St. James in Santiago de Compostela, a portrait of Miguel de Cervantes;
- Cyprus couple mouflon, the ship "Kyrenia" under sail;
- Luxembourg Profile Duke Henri of Luxembourg;
- Latvia small and large coats of arms of the Republic of Latvia;
- Malta: Mnajdra temple complex, the emblem of Malta;
- Monaco coat of arms of the Grimaldi dynasty and printing;
- Netherlands Queen Beatrix profile;
- Slovakia: Mount Krivan (array High Tatras), Castle Bratislava Castle;
- France collective image of a young girl and Marianne sower.
This is only a partial list of images to swap money from different countries.People who are fond of numismatics, especially well-known distinctive features of each small coin.Perhaps you will be interested to see what it looks like all this diversity.Visit coin club or a show and enjoy the wealth of small coins!
