acetylene generator - a device for the production of acetylene by a chemical reaction.The interaction of calcium carbide with water leads to the release of the necessary product.Currently, these devices are used in both stationary and mobile gas installations.Actually, the main fuel is acetylene gas welding.Let's talk in more detail about what kind of equipment and what are its key features.
Classification generators
acetylene generators to classify on several grounds, including performance, method of application, pressure and function.As for the pressure, the distinguished acetylene generators with low pressure - up to 0.01 MPa, srednim- 0.07-0.15 MPa high - more than 0.15 MPa.
By way of movement of an acetylene generator may be stationary and mobile.The last device less productive - 0.3-3 m3 stationary produce from 5 to 160 m3 flammable gas per hour.With regard to the principle of action, here it is worth noting the following: HF - mixing carbide and water, VC - CaC2 water on a possible "wet process".In addition, welders often used VC, but only as a "dry process".It is extremely rare, but still uses the combined generators.They combine the features and specifications of various kinds, which complement each other.
operating principle of the acetylene generator
As noted slightly higher design and the way the unit works is determined by its type.First, let's look at the generator "carbide into the water."It is the most popular and simple.
The principle of operation is as follows.Carbide through the hopper certain portion served in gassing chamber.At this time, it passes through the feeder.In the gassing cell is water.With regard to supply carbide, it is automatically adjusted and depends on the system pressure.Following the filing of the next portion of the pressure in the chamber increases gassing.If it falls below a critical point, it is used to load the next batch.
directly during the formation of the interaction of acetylene.He falls into a special hose through the sampler.Hydrated lime Oudalan through a special tube.
How does the generator "water on the carbide»
In this case we will focus on the so-called "wet process".The principle of operation of the generator is similar to that described above with the only difference only.There are periodically sprayed with water to carbide, where, in fact, came the name.The clear advantage of this solution is that the maximum construction simplicity rather high reliability of the unit.Of course, there are also disadvantages, which are expressed in an incomplete decomposition of calcium carbide and acetylene possible overheating due to insufficient size of the boot device.These units are very rarely stationary, due to their small capacity that does not exceed the mark of 10 m3 / h.For example, acetylene generator ASP-10 is working on this principle.It has a low weight - 16.5 kg, and the performance of 1.5 m3 / h.
«Water on carbide" on a "dry process»
essence of such generators is that the gas chamber is, the drive drum with carbide.There is also a semi-automatic carbide feed.Loading it into the drum through special hatches.This also added and water.In this case, it is essential to observe the correct dosage of liquid.Its number should be exactly twice more than necessary for the decomposition of carbide.Since the chemical reaction produces a lot of heat, the excess water evaporate or remove unnecessary.Regarding slaked lime, then it falls through a bottom grid of the drum and then removed.
In this case, the device acetylene generator produces dry lime due to complete evaporation of the liquid in the system.Hence, there was, in fact, the name "dry process".With regard to the advantages of such a decision, they are as easy handling and disposal of waste carbide.Usually this type of stationary generators, with an average capacity.
system "water displacement»
structural differences of acetylene generators lies in the peculiarities of the gassing chambers.It consists of two interconnected vessels (propellant and blowing agent).The last loaded carbide, because of which the displacement of the water and into the air cushion propellant.After sampler acetylene is removed from the chamber.
number of loaded carbide, as well as the performance of the device are adjusted automatically.However, the process depends on the pressure.The higher it is, the slower it runs, and vice versa.Interestingly, the work of the acetylene generator of this type can be adjusted smoothly, which is a strong point of the device.Also, the system "water displacement" is renowned for its reliability.The main drawback is that the service of the productive systems is very difficult.It poєtomu acetylene generators of this type are made by mobile and have a small performance.
Combined generators
Often welding equipment combines the system of "water in the carbide" and "water displacement".The principle of operation is that the gas collection chamber has a basket with carbide, which is supplied with water.When the chemical reaction produces acetylene.If the system overpressure, then the displacement of water in the air bag displacement chamber.Retraction of acetylene is carried out through a check valve, which is passed, it goes away from the camera.
In the case of water pressure drop of propellant flows back into the basket and thereby stimulates the formation of acetylene.Most of these systems are made mobile.Combined acetylene generators have high smoothness and lack of negative factors such as the pressure drop in the system.The devices have a low productivity, but in high demand.
device acetylene generator low pressure
housing such device has two cameras separated.The top - header, lower - gas collector.Between themselves, they are separated by a special partition.Gas gathering chamber has a retort which is located at the bottom.As she placed a basket with carbide.After downloading, it is sealed, which is used as a rubber gasket seal.
with a crane on top of the water supplied.When it enters the retort process starts carbide which subsequently goes into gas gathering chamber.Next he enters the drier and the water trap, and then goes to a cutter or a gas burner.
pressure adjustment is carried out automatically.When it increases, the liquid is displaced from the retort.When the water level drops below the crane, acetylene formation is substantially slowed down.Such welding equipment capable of operating at an ambient temperature of -25 degrees Celsius, which, no doubt, is an advantage.
Generators medium and high pressure acetylene generator
ASP-10 applies to equipment operating in the mid-range pressure.Apparatus according to the principle of operation is identical to the low-pressure.But then - large size and the corresponding performance.Because of the design features worth noting the presence of the box through which the water passes.In addition, it provides a basic water-cooled acetylene.This need is due to the large working pressure and high temperature gas.
Conclusion
So we figured out that this acetylene generator.The price of such equipment is directly dependent on its type.For example, ASP-10 will cost about 20 thousand rubles.The capacity of the unit, the more expensive it is.Complete stationary high pressure are between 30 000 and above.If you choose should take into account at what temperatures the equipment works.The wider the range, the more universal it is.In general, it is all the basic information on the topic.Now you know what the acetylene generator, what are the types of data devices, than their design and technical differences.
