studying the laws of nature man was engaged for several millennia ago.The lack of necessary equipment, the religious dictatorship, difficult access to education for people without significant state - all this could not stop the progress of scientific thought.Famous physicists from around the world were able to learn how to transmit information over long distances, getting electricity, and much, much more.What are the names of the most important for history?We list some of the most eminent specialists.
Albert Einstein
future scientist was born in March 1879 in the city of Ulm in Germany.Ancestors Albert lived in Swabia several hundred years, and he himself until the last days has kept the memory of their heritage - said with a slight southern German accent.Educated in the national school and then in high school, where from the outset preferred the natural sciences and the sciences.By age 16 he had mastered all that was required for admission to the university, but did not cope with the language exam.However, soon he became a student at the University Polytechnic in Zurich.His teachers were famous physicists and mathematicians of the time, for example, Hermann Minkowski, who in the future will come up with the perfect formula for the expression of the theory of relativity.Most of the time, Einstein spent in the lab, or reading the works of Maxwell, Kirchoff and other leading experts in the field.After studying for a while Albert was a teacher and then became a technical expert of the Patent Office, over the years, in which he published many of his famous works, glorify him to the world.He changed people's ideas of space, was a formula that turns mass into a form of energy and deeply studied molecular physics.His success was soon awarded the Nobel Prize, and the scientist moved to the US, where he worked until his death.
Nikola Tesla
This inventor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, perhaps the most famous physicist in the world.An eccentric character and revolutionary discoveries made him famous and inspired several writers and directors on the use of his image in his work.He was born in July 1856, and from an early age, as well as many other famous physicists began to show a tendency to exact sciences.Over the years, he discovered the phenomenon of alternating current, fluorescent light and transfer energy without wires, remote control and has developed a method for treating shock, made electric clocks, solar engine, and many other unique devices, which received more than three hundred patents.In addition, it is believed that radio was invented known physics Popov and Marconi, but the first was nevertheless Tesla.Modern electric power is entirely based on his personal achievements and discoveries.One of the most striking experiments Nikola was the transfer current to fifty kilometers.He managed to light two hundred light bulbs without wires, building a huge tower from which flew lightning and thunder was heard all over the neighborhood.Entertainment and the venture has become his trademark.Incidentally, the film is often demonstrated by the experience.
Isaac Newton
Many prominent physicists have made a significant contribution, but Newton was a kind of pioneer.His laws are the basis of many modern ideas, and at the time of their discovery was truly revolutionary achievement.He was born the famous Englishman in 1643.From childhood he was interested in physics and over the years wrote works well in mathematics, astronomy, optics.He first managed to formulate the basic laws of nature, which he greatly influenced the works of his contemporaries.No wonder that Isaac Newton was admitted to the Royal Society of London, and for some time and he has been its president.
Lev Landau
Like many other famous physicists, Landau is most clearly manifested itself in the theoretical sphere.Legendary Soviet scientist who was born in January 1908, the son of an engineer and a doctor.He brilliantly in high school and enrolled at the university in Baku, where he began studying physics and chemistry.For nineteen years he has already published four research papers.A brilliant career was devoted to the study of quantum states and density matrices, and electrodynamics.Achievements Landau was awarded the Nobel Prize, in addition, a Soviet scientist received several Stalin Prize, Hero of Socialist Labor, was an honorary member of the Royal Society of London and a number of foreign Academies of Sciences.He worked with Heisenberg, Pauli and Bohr.Last influenced Landau is particularly strong - his ideas appeared in the theories about the magnetic properties of free electrons.
James Maxwell
compiled a list, which would include the most famous physicists of the world, not to mention the name.James Clerk Maxwell was a British scientist who developed the classical electrodynamics.He was born in June 1831, and by 1860 became a member of Mu Royal Society of London.Maxwell created the first physics laboratory in the country with professional equipment.There he studied electromagnetism, the kinetic theory of gases, optics, elasticity and other topics.He was one of the first managed to create a device for the quantitative measurement of color, later called the Maxwell disk.In his theory, he compiled all the known facts of electrodynamics and introduced the concept of displacement current, which generates a magnetic field.Maxwell expressed all the laws of four equations.Their analysis makes it possible to demonstrate the laws, which were previously unknown.
Igor Kurchatov
The famous nuclear physicist from the Soviet Union also deserves mention.Igor Kurchatov grown in the Crimea, there graduated from high school and university.Since 1924 began working as an assistant of the Department of Physics of Azerbaijan Polytechnic Institute, and a year later he was hired in Leningrad.For successful study of dielectrics he was awarded the degree of Doctor.Under his leadership, already in 1939 he was commissioned a cyclotron.Igor Kurchatov led the work on nuclear reactions led the Soviet atomic project.Under his command, he opened the first nuclear power plant.Kurchatov created the first Soviet atomic and hydrogen bombs.For its achievements received several state awards and medals.
