Learn and understand the traditions of the people is possible only through its cultural and artistic heritage.The oldest human activity - decoration different picture of yourself, your clothing, housing and various objects, tools, weapons.Widely used form of art image - is an ancient ornament.It can not be separated from the object on which it exists.But more often it is valuable in itself is a work of art.The style are geometrical, plant, by type - paintings, sculptures, graphic designs.Any beautiful ornament has a certain motive, consisting of one or more elements.This set of elements in the ornament is always executed as a single product.By way of image elements on how to set up the master circuit patterns, as it combines motifs from flora or fauna with the material or geometric motifs to form an object, you can define the cultural and historical roots of the ornament, it belongs a particular people.
And when classified pattern, the first talking about his origin, and then determine the purpose and content.The value of an ancient ornament, in all its ethnic diversity in the development of modern forms of applied art can not be overestimated.
Classification diversity of patterns
figures decorating pottery and coinage on silver trays;circuit patterns on ancient samotkanyh carpets, fabrics;specially woven rope - ornaments of this kind have arisen as a result of human activity (as it began to speak - professional), so called technical.In the countries of the East in the weave pattern is often different symbols and signs.This type is called symbolic.A combination of symbols with complex technical elements without a specific plot gave broad development geometric type.This Gothic and Arab-style decorations.
The vegetation type is the most common and ancient.Motives are exact copies of the flowers, fruits, leaves, plants unrecognizable to their styling.Here every nation its beloved and revered plant.As animal ornaments of ancient masters portrayed wild animals they hunt, or those that are sacred to them and living with them and so much admired.
At the heart of the fantastic type of ornamental plants are non-existent or animals.Ancient Rome, where much loved stories with objects of Theatre and Music, luxurious life, or military weapons, is home to the objective of the ornament.The sky and the stars, the sun and moon - are elements of astral patterns typical of China and Japan.Immediately born beautiful ornament landscape types: it mountains, rivers, waterfalls, forests and fields.In Arab countries, widely developed a special, arising with the appearance of the first written language, consisting of letters and fragments of the text, type of calligraphic ornamentation.All types of ornaments rarely exist in pure form, they are often intertwined, penetrate and complement each other.
Features of Arab art
works of art created by the peoples of the Arab world, are especially spirituality and expressiveness, a fine sense of the beautiful and the sublime.Arabic patterns and ornaments are unique and original in the astonishing diversity.It is based on the Muslim religion, which forbids portraying humans, animals, all living beings.Therefore, for example, Arabic decoration rarely includes elements of fauna and in stylized form.Islamic culture closer geometric motifs that are mind-boggling sense of continuous motion and plunge into the world of human intuition, dreams, desire to learn the mysteries of life.
Arabic ornament is the basis of the plastic art of Muslims, what was the art of artistic images of words, sayings, aphorisms from the Holy Quran to them - calligraphy.
ornament as an art Arabs
study of patterns and relationships with the community of ornamental art makes it possible to apply all progressive art from the past to today.Arabic ornament as the most important component of fine and original art of the East has a special aesthetic content is the most valuable part of world culture.
forms strike complicated simplicity and calm the raging, they get used to reality and stand as a barrier between the world and man.Arabic ornament reveals a deep inner world creating his masters.It seems that they have learned to manage their own talent, rich experience to play so thin all shades of human experiences.In order to more fully disclose the motive conceived Arabic ornament, the wizard uses various forms, giving them a new meaning through the language of color and light.
iconic element predominates, and ornaments from Arab masters appear to be voluminous, dynamic.Creatively transforming the entire space, the authors blur the boundaries, making their work in the realization of a dream.This is a very important feature that distinguishes the Arabic patterns and ornaments from all others.
Act rhythm ornament
For a man accustomed to the phenomenon of rhythm.Day and night.Sleep and wakefulness.So we are waiting for him in works of art: music and versification, painting and architecture.Rhythm - this is the order.Violation or lack of rhythm disturbs or even annoying.That is due to the presence of rhythm, we are happy and full of wonder, admiring the beauty of the art of Arabic ornamentation on plaster, brick, wood, copper, and silver.It seems that the master joined the rhythm and pattern material ornament pattern emphasizing the beauty and value of the material.Other elements of the ornament are subject to a certain rhythm, and in relation to each other they are in rhythm.Master Arab ornament similar to the conductor of the orchestra.Therefore, true works of ornamental art so harmonious.
Types Arab ornaments
To understand where to draw its inspiration from the Arab masters, you need to imagine the endless deserts of North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula: an open, boundless space, rugged, winding paths, beds of rivers, hills.Before the eyes of gilded sand merges with the bright blue of the sky and the river, and close to the water winding fragrant herbs and extraordinarily bright colors.Masters adapted and adapted in all the ornamentation that for centuries surrounded them.Motives are many.There are recognizable elements, for example, ancient culture, and there is so abstract that it is practically impossible to know the prototype of.An important element in the Arab ornament is a node.The roots of this - in the Muslim religion.In the East, a variety of image unit in the ornament are blessed sense for long life and happiness.It is often used not just for communication, and to convert one type to another ornament and further into something quite abstract.
girihi node
girihi - a type of geometric ornament.The main elements are the shapes: round, oval, triangle, square, polygons.They are all characters on which the universe.For example, a circle represents the center and move the square associated with order and clarity.From these figures, symbols Arab masters, repeatedly twisting and imposing one to the other, to create a complex, mathematically accurately aligned ornament.
And if we consider the Arab ornaments as a whole (in the mosque, for example), then admire the combination of geometric shapes in space.Awesome selection accuracy ornamented pattern with the shape of the arches galleries form windows.What an amazing color design ornament on the ceiling and walls, gables and on the floor!All these together and separately from a volume of light and shade.
islimi - the way in the divine garden
At the heart of the Arab ornament - Images endless spiral with leaves and flowers.It is a symbol of continuous way in the Garden of Eden or the idea of ​​continuing the development of a blossoming green shoots.Do ornament islimi has five forms: woven, plain, forked, almond-shaped and winged.These forms do not exist separately, they complement and fill other motives Arab ornament that brooked no voids.
Khatai - a simplified islimi.Those stems and branches, but abstract.In Arab countries, it is often used on the facades of houses, with painted jugs and ornaments of carpet.
Islamic arabesque
throughout the Islamic world is a common type of ornamental arabesque.They are decorated and household items, and secular buildings, and places of worship.This type of ornament is based on the repetition of fragments in a certain rhythm, and does not carry any way.It virtually eliminates the background, because the elements fit into one another.
The continuous weaving pattern disappears form with a hint of Arabian eternal infinity.The main elements are the parts of the plant arabesques and interlacing connected in a unique ligature, leaving in infinity.
Arabic calligraphy
special decorative qualities have Arabic calligraphy.The emergence of the alphabet and writing in general is considered to be the greatest invention of mankind.Ancient inscriptions on stones from the village of Nabat, have survived and made even in pre-Islamic times in Arabic, confirm that the Arabs borrowed the alphabet nabattsev neighbors living in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula.For Muslims, the Arab knowledge of the alphabet and the ability to read was consecrated and encouraged the Koran.The Arabic language is, in fact, the language of the holy book for any Muslim.And the Koran, he became a rallying point for the Arab people.It was used to communicate and write educated people from any class with different religious beliefs.In this sense a real democratic Arabic writing.And of course, that he has become a tool of creativity.Masters of calligraphy, especially those written by nash (he wrote the Quran), occupies a privileged position in society, which is close to the government.Arabic calligraphy - the art of noble, sublime and unifying.Thanks to the holy Qur'an in the acquired tangible form.Very often, the master of wall ornaments fit into their works of Arabic calligraphy in the form of sayings from the Holy Scriptures: "Praise be to God alone", "Power belongs to God";or individual words: "Happiness", "Life", "Eternity".
