In our time in the store to buy onion turnip - absolutely no problem.On the shelves of the head - a feast for the eyes, one more beautiful than the other, and the largest caught a giant.However, the cultivation of onions in the head does not lose its relevance.This is understandable: any vegetable can be compared to that collected from their beds?It is 100% eco-friendly, which means exactly helpful.
From seeds or Seva
This question is especially important if you plan to root crop cultivation in the harsh Siberian conditions.Mistress, having tried different varieties and methods of cultivation of culture, stop at one.Growing onions on the head can be done from seed in one season.But the time spent will be enormous, labor will have to invest a lot, and as a result turns out quite mediocre harvest as much stuff comes.Therefore, if you are interested in a good crop, it is best to buy ready Onion (small bulbs), and put the spring in the garden.
to stock seed
is best done in the fall.At this time, and the price of seed is much lower, and the choice is huge.Growing onions on the head - this activity is fairly simple, but first you need to decide how much you want to grow root crops.For example, if you only have the winter 5-6 buckets of onions in autumn to buy about one kilogram of small Seva.This small head gives the best yield, grown out of it onions arrows whether warm or cold stored Onion.
choose the place for future landings
place for sun beds should be chosen, and in partial shade planting will also be successful.But heavily shaded places for onions are not suitable.The pen will last and early polyazhet and bulbs are not formed.Cultivation of onions Seva is best done on a ridge, where once grew cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes and beans.Very well, if the neighborhood will grow carrots - it will protect plants from pests.Better yet, make planting rows, which alternates with the onions and carrots.Since onion fly does not find that is edible, and that - no.
winter crops
Growing onions on the head can start in late autumn - it will save you time in the spring, when for all the worries and you can forget about useful vegetable.What is the advantage of the autumn planting?Small sevok at home may be dried while it will remain in the land well.Before planting you need to prepare the flower bed, and make it into the soil humus, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.Seeds need to stand for 15-20 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate.Then dig a bed, and the soil mulch.The beds should be well watered.Now you can wait until the first frost to make a landing.Once planted Onion, a bed to sleep and mulch harbor with dry grass, sawdust and other materials at hand.
Another technology of growing onions
If you are late autumn planting, do not worry - you can catch up on all the spring.To do this you need to take a box, fill it with slightly damp soil, put onions on top and covered with soil.Store in a cool place you need to hatch the seeds ahead of time.Beds for spring planting is best to prepare in advance to protect the seedlings from the onion fly and other pests.2 weeks before sowing, about the middle of March, should be to get your bulbs and keep warm at home temperature.At the same time, it should pull the small teplichku to warm beds.Two days before the planned sowing the seeds should be soaked in water with potassium permanganate.Thus the cultivation of onions in the ground much faster, as only dry head hatch after 20 days and soaked - in a week.Terms of spring planting can greatly differ depending on the region.Onions should not be planted in cold soil, so he did not go to the arrow, but you can not be late.The dry ground it will be difficult to take root.Optimum soil temperature - 12 degrees.
Growing from seed
As you can see, there are different ways of cultivation of onions.Most debt is an option growing black cumin.To this end, in early spring in the bed of onion seeds are sown.During the summer of them grows large number of small heads.That they are called Seva.Now they can be planted before winter or wait until spring to sow in the ground.If you regularly grow onions, Onion, then you will always be material for planting.This makes it possible to collect a great harvest at minimum cost.
planting scheme
Cultivation of onions in the ground is carried out during the summer.Planted small bulbs at a distance of 5 cm from each other.The average should be planted in increments of no less than 10 cm. Planting Onion Donets down into the ground to the height of the bulb.On top you need to sleep in humus.Growing onions very quickly, releasing green feathers.After about 20 days it is necessary to feed, it is well suited for the infusion of mullein or common nettle.Now
onion begins to gain weight.This is not to spud the plant, on the contrary, when loosening is shovel the earth from the bulbs.If you are planting a number of carrots and onions, this land is just useful for hilling carrots, green with no roots to the sun.
Care
onions Planting onions produced in early spring, so he could get stronger still before the pests appear en masse, as well as numerous illnesses.Watering after planting Onion is not required, as the ground is still quite wet spring.During the growing season the onions are very demanding to moisture.After about a week, if the weather is very hot - in five days, you must produce abundant watering.This continues until the plants are actively producing green feathers.Around the middle of summer the number of irrigation is reduced.Now the irrigation is done every 10-12 days.About two weeks before harvesting stop watering completely.Now, the plant should be dry to the roots are well kept.
Feeding
We must not forget fertilization, if you want to get a good bow.Growing conditions this unpretentious culture can be anything, but during the growing season culture should receive 2-3 full nutritional complex.The first feeding is carried out when the plant only produces green feathers.Now they are underdeveloped and have a light color.In 10 liters of water must be diluted mullein or bird droppings, and a tablespoon of urea.After two weeks, feeding should be repeated, but the active ingredient is now changing.In 10 liters of water is needed to dissolve 2 tablespoons nitrophosphate and pour the onion at the rate of 5 liters per square meter.Once the bulb is formed the size of a walnut, in 10 liters of water diluted with 2 tablespoons of superphosphate.That such a scheme is considered to be optimal feeding.It does not take much time, but it gives excellent results.If the gardener forgets feeding, then the harvest will be much worse.
Diseases and pests
most often attacks the onion fly landing.At the same time the leaves of plants turn yellow and wither, and if time does not take action, your bed will be completely destroyed.For prevention, as we have said, close planted carrots.To protect planting, the plants should be planted as soon as possible.If the attack has already occurred, you can try to save the plant by means of a tobacco solution.To do this, you need 200 grams of tobacco mixed with a tablespoon of soap and a bucket of water.The resulting solution pour the flower bed.
Another popular is onion pest moth.She lays her eggs on the underside of the feathers culture.A week later, larvae emerge which eat away the flesh, leaving a pristine shell leaves.The caterpillars can damage the florets and even penetrate into the bulb.The methods of struggle - systemic insecticides.
separate topic are diseases of onion and treatment.Most often it affects the plants neck rot.This disease, which is caused by a fungus.Symptoms are gray sunken spots.When storing such heads spots spread and capture the scales and Donets.The best way to fight is considered to be timely processing of modern antifungal drugs.If at the time of cleaning you see signs of the disease, it is necessary to thoroughly dry the head at 20 degrees for 14 days and then 3 more days hold at 35 degrees.
We discussed the most common diseases of onions and their treatment.But one forgotten disease.This downy mildew.This is also a fungal disease.At the same time the leaves appear pale green spots, then their place is formed purple patina.At the same time the green of the leaves turn yellow and die.Fungus overwinters in the soil, especially booming in rainy weather.As a measure of the struggle can be considered the location of the farm to a sunny spot and pre-treatment of seed.If the disease has spread in the garden, then save the harvest will be almost impossible.Keep in mind that any disease is easier to prevent than to treat.
