Creating administrative-territorial system in the Russian armed forces began in the 60s of XIX century.First appeared the military district of Russia contributed to the sustainable acquisition and supply garrisons and units, as well as provide an opportunity to the strategic planning of the defense doctrine.Depending on the assigned tactical tasks they could be the border, internal and frontline.Administrative units often named after the names of cities, regions or geographical provinces.In recent history, the tradition continued and the military district of Russia.The list of groups at different times consistent with military-political situation and the state.By the beginning of World War I, there were twelve.The maximum number of districts - thirty two - there were at the end of 1945.During the period of the highest military power of the state in 1983, it operated 16 districts and 4 groups of troops in Eastern Europe.
How many military districts in Russia
As part of the restructuring of the armed forces in 2010, the number of administrative districts was reduced to four.When creating new structures for a sample taken Unified Combatant Command of the USA.On the basis of the territorial combined arms formations were formed by the new operational-strategic command of the subjects.In 2014, for the defense of the Arctic regions from the three counties began the creation of the northern group.
effectively implement innovative command and control system of the General Staff should be formed to ensure the new principles of military district of Russia.List of military and administrative units of the following:
- Western District (USC "the West").
- Southern District (USC "South").
- Central District (USC "Center").
- Eastern District (USC "East").
- under construction is USC's "North".
In peacetime joint strategic commands with their areas of responsibility are called districts.
military units of the new formation
newly formed Military District of Russia in the structure include:
- all stationed on their territory the garrisons of the Ministry of Defense;
- are in operational control of the internal forces, Federal Border Guard Service, part of the Emergency Situations Ministry and other power structures.
Military District of Russia in its present form are inter-specific group of forces under a single command.This control system is recognized as the most effective based on the experience of armed conflicts and counterterrorism operations of recent decades.
Moreover, the military district of Russia have in their conduct of medical and spa facilities, educational and research institutions, training centers and other facilities of life support.
territorial command units are not subject to long-range aircraft, the management of strategic rocket forces and troops Aerospace Defense.
Joint Strategic Command "West»
During structural changes in the armed forces in 2010. The first was formed by the Western Military District of Russia.The basis for the creation of a new entity military-administrative division were former Moscow and Leningrad combined arms association.Also subordinate to the Strategic Command is the Baltic Fleet.Headquartered in St. Petersburg.
military garrison located within the administrative boundaries of thirty subjects of the North-West, Central and parts of the Volga-Vyatka federal districts.In connection with the formation of the Arctic Group of Forces of the regions will be reassigned.
West group includes two armies, four separate motorized rifle brigade, one armored division and three landing - just over two and a half thousand units.The staff of more than 400 thousand. People, which is the third part of the total population of the Russian army.
unified leadership obeys the first command of the air force and air defense.
Navy ships stationed in the Baltic and Leningrad (Kronstadt, St. Petersburg and Lomonosov) naval bases.The Navy has at its disposal eight marine units.
Southern group of forces
Southern Military District Russia organized on the basis of combat and administrative units of the North Caucasus and parts of the Volga-Urals military associations.The structure includes the formation of a compound of the Black Sea Fleet and the Caspian Flotilla.The headquarters is located in Rostov-on-Don.The task of the personnel County is, first of all, in the defense of the southern borders and ensuring stability in the Caucasus.
Military units of the two armies, one mountain division and an air assault brigade deployed in 13 regions of the South and the North Caucasus Federal District, as well as on the Crimean peninsula.
air defense and air force are subject to the fourth command.
Black Sea Fleet has a home base in Sevastopol and Feodosiya.The construction of a naval base in Novorossiysk.The ships of the Caspian Flotilla based in Astrakhan, Makhachkala and Kaspiysk.
Crimea and Krasnodar Territory are two training center for pilots of carrier-based aircraft.The Navy has four major divisions of Marines to the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
Formation Southern District abroad
also in charge of the Southern Command has strategic bases located outside the Russian Federation:
- in the capital of the republic of South Ossetia - Tskhinval - housed 4th base.Formation created by two motorized infantry regiments and one division.The staff of more than 4 thousand. People.Military base awarded the title of Guards.
- in Gyumri (Armenia) is the 102nd base.In addition to infantry units are deployed complexes C-300 B and MiG-29 fighters.The total number of troops is about 4 thousand. People.
- in Gudauta (Abkhazia Republic) housed 7th military base.
- Black Sea Fleet has a base of technical and material support ships in the Syrian port of Tartus.
Formation abroad play a role important geopolitical tool.
Central Unified Command
By merging the Volga-Urals and Siberia (to Baikal area) districts established the Central Military District of Russia.Joint Command headquarters is located in Ekaterinburg.
This district is the largest in the country.Its area is 7 million. Km2 - is 40% of state and 39% of the population.Military units stationed in the Volga region, Western Siberia and the Urals - in 29 regions of the three federal districts.The spaces within the Arctic Circle will be transferred to the Arctic Command.In the center of the country's tactical unit of ground troops are part of the two field armies and several separate units, including one air assault brigade.
compound includes a second part of the Air Force command and air defense
located in the district strategic aviation base (in Engels and Irkutsk), as well as transport aircraft base in Orenburg.Promptly these parts do not obey the command of the district.
Formation of the Central District in Central Asia
compound of the central part of Russia is composed of 201 th Red Banner twice base stationed in Tajikistan.The main task of the military is to protect the Tajik-Afghan border.
Joint Strategic Command "East»
As a result of structural changes in operational and strategic management in the Russian Eastern Military District included part of Siberia, the Far East and Trans-Baikal combined arms association.Commander of the new formation is subject to the Pacific Fleet.The headquarters is located in Khabarovsk.
military units located in the administrative boundaries of the eleven subjects of the two federal districts.The area of responsibility is a little less than 7 million. Km2.The main striking power of the ground forces of the army and are 4 separate formations: 9 motorized infantry brigades, fortified in the Jewish Autonomous Region, 2 air assault, 3 missile, a rocket-artillery brigade, and 3 special purpose.It is possible that some large units will be transferred to the Northern group of troops.
air defense and air force are subject to the command of the 3rd.
Pacific Fleet ships based in Vladivostok, Fokin and Vilyuchinsk.Naval Air Force stationed at the airport Yelizovo dual-use air bases and Nikolaevka Knevichi and Stony Brook.
four divisions of troops Aerospace Defense Command operationally not obey.
Formation of the Eastern District in the Pacific
preparatory work is underway to restore the former Soviet Cam Ranh base in Vietnam to serve the submarines of the Russian Pacific Fleet.Using the database is planned in collaboration with the Vietnamese military.
Defense Arctic
The structure of military districts of Russia in late 2014 introduced a new administrative unit.For the first time in the history of the Arctic area got its own military structure.Its basis is the Northern Fleet, which will become the main striking force, as well as several units of the Western District.
main points-based fleet: Severomorsk, Vidjaevo, Hajiyev, Western People, Polar.All are located in the Murmansk region.
In earlier times, the Arctic falls within the scope of control of four districts and two fleets.By forming code-named "North" includes all reconstructed and re-deployable base in the Arctic, including on the Franz Josef Land, the New Siberian Islands and the New Earth.
Revitalization of the armed forces on the northern borders caused by increasing international differences on the territorial influence in the region, the need to ensure the safety of the increasing traffic through the Northern Sea Route, as well as the increase of production capacity of domestic mining enterprises on the shelf.The area of responsibility of the new group is not only to the Russian polar region, but also all Arctic territories to the North Pole, inclusive.
