heavy transport aircraft - dual-use items.They are necessary and the national economy, and the army, and it happens that the implementation of humanitarian operations is impossible without them.It is difficult today to imagine a distant country assistance, the victim of disaster (earthquake, flood or volcanic eruption) without a huge flying hospital ship or aircraft that are capable of a few hours to deliver tens of tons of food, equipment and medicines.And the rescuers themselves also need to bring along with special equipment.So the ship today was the Il-76MD-90A, "younger brother" "seventy-six" have had time to see the different continents.But first of all these aircraft designed for military purposes.
prototype
It happened in the Soviet Union, most of the transport aircraft designed the Design Bureau Antonov.The team that created many very successful and reliable aircraft that have become "workhorses" of "Aeroflot" and the BBC, among them there are champions in size and capacity.But at the end of the sixties, due to changes in world politics, there was a need for a large number of delivery vehicles technology and people over long distances.Moreover, it was required to do quickly.Screw "Antonov" still bear the main burden in the implementation of amphibious operations, but the Ministry of Defense has set a target to establish a large-scale jet.Instructed Project Design Bureau.Ilyushin.So in the early '70s there was this rapid and handsome giant - IL-76.
«eldest child" and his brothers
failed machine so that its base was built, various modifications (number of more than two dozen) of different purposes: from conventional transport to the flying training space centers.The medical version of "Scalpel MT" accommodates the operating room, intensive care and other intensive care units.A-50 - our answer to "AWACS", he is capable of long flights along the borders, in which the plane spends intelligence tactical and strategic situation in the wider border area.The top-secret A-60 - support the laser beam weapons.There is a variant of the flying tankers.Created and polar and fire options.IL-76 is recognizable, it can not be confused with any other aircraft, he was waiting for those who are in trouble, and enemies of our country know that if they appeared in the sky "Candide" (as they are classified aviation experts of NATO, the word means "sincere"or "straightforward"), the matter becomes serious.Such the athlete really different tricks to anything.
Whenever modifications concerned the upgrade of avionics, increased engine power, the use of additional equipment.The last and deepest of them received index Il-76MD-90A.The characteristics of this aircraft are consistent with the latest requirements in terms of efficiency, noise, environmental and safety issues, and apparently it is difficult to distinguish from the prototype, caught conceptually so successful that, obviously, this aircraft will be a long celestial destiny.
first rolled out on a test aircraft airfield new modification took place in 2011.Initially, the name corresponds to the number "product" and sounded like "IL-476".Il-76MD-90A appeared somewhat later, in September 2012, when a military light gray test sample took off from the runway of the factory airfield near Ulyanovsk.
main external differences
Aircraft modification of IL-76MD in the early post-Soviet years was built at the Tashkent aircraft plant them.Chkalov, but the economic problems hindering the development of Uzbek engineering, led the Russian customers search for production facilities in the country.They were found in Ulyanovsk factory "Aviastar".
Changes in design, despite the external similarity to the previous model, there have been quite serious.Specialist immediately distinguish Il-76MD-90A on the new elongated wing.The chassis also undergone a modification, they are designed for 60 tons of payload, plus the weight of the aircraft, fueled, in addition, they are designed to be a serious safety margin.The requirements are high, since one of the specific technical conditions was the creation of opportunities for exploitation of the transport not only concrete, but also on unpaved runways.
fuselage, including the pilot and the navigator glazed cabins, remained practically without external changes.Another thing - the equipment, hidden under the skin.
Engines
primarily efficiency of aviation equipment depends on the engine.Il-76MD-90A is equipped with four turbo-PS-90A-76 (in whose honor and received its additional indexes in the title), creating a thrust of 14.5 thousand. Kgs.The turbo it can reach and 16 tons, but in this case the fuel consumption increase significantly during takeoff.In flight mode, a cruising speed of 3,300 kg and is sufficient, and when landing deceleration can be created reverse thrust value 3,600 kgs.Kerosene consumption decreased compared with the previous model by 12% and is in specific terms, 0.59 kg / kg * h.With the new power plant was able to bring the basic parameters in line with international environmental and economic standards of Il-76MD-90A.The characteristics of the aircraft fit into the standards of ICAO.
Over hundreds of thousands of liters of aviation kerosene accommodate fuel tanks.
equipment cargo compartment
speed of delivery for any purpose, military or civilian, depends not only on how fast the plane flies, but also on the capacity of loading and unloading operations after landing.The cargo compartment IL-90A 76MD- equipped with two winches and thrust up to 3 tons, with which it is possible to start a self-propelled equipment.Any item weighing up to ten tons lifted by four hoists.AC ramp angle provides a larger set of goods, up to thirty tons.If the machinery is delivered to the crawler-type chassis, its smooth course contribute podtrapniki.There is also a possibility to install four roller monorail tracks, which are used for landing or loading of ships or aviapoddonov and containers.
cargo compartment
parachute landing through the ramp, and the Il-76MD-90A can - depending on the equipment options - to have a single or double-deck layout.However, the ability to jump at the same time the two levels is not usually used because of the high risk of excessive rapprochement paratroopers and cargo.Single-deck option involves dropping personnel in the amount of up to 145 people (Marines in full gear - 126), two-deck - up to 225. Air hospital can take on board 114 wounded.
to transport people in the salon set side and central seats.
When conversion into a flying car fire in a cargo compartment mounted water tanks or special extinguishants.
cockpit
Workspace crew successfully mature to previous models, even more refined ergonomics Il-76MD-90A.Photos show the cockpit liquid crystal displays (eight of them), which replaced the pointer device - "wake-up".Remote control with joystick levers have vysointellektualnuyu functional filling.Traditional successful windows providing excellent visibility for the pilots and navigator, in the daytime effect is complemented by "transparent cockpit", which facilitates management in conditions of limited visibility or complete lack thereof.All these functions are supported by flight-navigation complex "Kupol-III-76M."
«Dome»
modern navigation devices have assumed many of the functions previously performed by the navigators and pilots.Flight planning, plotting, the calculation of fuel consumption and other operations on the aircraft Il-76MD-90A are performed automatically.But that's not all.Complex "Dome" corrects data on the whereabouts of the aircraft controls approach (if the airport has the equipment corresponding to the second category ICAO), and even evaluates meteorological conditions, the crew giving recommendations for optimizing the process of piloting.The system also warns about flying on a collision course and close air devices, warning against the possible danger of collision.Invaluable assistance "Dome" during the landing, especially in the absence of visual control.
Specifications
Il-76MD-90A, which affects the image size in comparison with a car or another plane takes off with a surprisingly short strip.It is enough to just 1.7 km.Coast during landing can be reduced to 960 m due to the engines in reverse mode.Speed in flight can reach 800 km / h.A non-stop range depends on the weight of the cargo.Weight 50 tons freighter can deliver on the 5 th. Kilometers and 20 tons - 8.5 thous. Km.
now about the size of which has IL-76MD-90A.Specifications relevant dimensions: the diameter of the fuselage section for the middle-ship frame is approximately 5 meters, the length of the aircraft - 46.6 meters, wingspan planes - 50 m, height (chassis) - about 15 meters.
impressive chassis and the chassis that can support up to 210 tons (that is how much can weigh Il-76MD-90A).Photos taken from the ground during take-off, allow to judge their overall design and that grace with which they fit into the niche, located on the side of the fuselage sagging.Five pillars: a bow and four cores.Each of them - the impressive size-pneumatic wheels arranged in-line, four axis.The chassis generally repeats solutions Il-76 except that the increased load associated with an increase in weight and fuel efficiency, and the ability to operate with the problem of aerodromes required to strengthen all the elements.
Prospects
Heavy aviation technology and due to its high cost and because of the specificity of its application, as a rule, it is not produced in huge quantities.However, the fleet, the Russian Air Force inherited from the Soviet Union, gradually develops its service life.Normal service life for this type of aircraft is three decades, so the leadership of concerned agencies the time to think about how much need Il-76MD-90A.The characteristics of this transporter fully satisfy the requirements, and the Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Emergency Situations and "Aeroflot", even taking into account the prospects.Serial production started in 2012, built three copies.If you need to estimate the amount of the original 38 aircraft, at the time of launching the series it has increased up to fifty and then reached a hundred pieces of various modifications (2020).Also, the defense establishment has expressed interest in a special bead airborne reconnaissance on the basis of the Il-76MD-90A.
