To begin with let us define what money: their essence lies in the fact that it is a universal equivalent of the cost of other goods and services.
In those days, when there were surpluses of goods, took a universal means of payment.At first people made necessary for their needs, some changed clothes to food and vice versa.Over time, the exchange process has become popular, then there was a need to create such a product, which could serve as a means of payment for any other type of service.So there were money.
essence
essence of money is divided into 5 points:
- a store of value and accumulation;
- means of payment;
- a medium of exchange;
- a measure of value;
- world money.
dwell on each of the points.
measure cost
appears at the time of the price determining the cost of the service or product.The cash value changes (the price), it depends on the following parameters:
- metabolic conditions;
- production conditions.
means of circulation - money
essence a means of payment is beneficial to the two parties (buyer-seller) to exchange.And the money - it is the intermediary in the transaction.In addition it is a medium of exchange, it is also a functional tool calculations (loans, mortgages, loans).The latter was the beginning of the emergence of plastic cards.
means of payment
If you do not have enough money to pay for goods or services, it is possible to take the necessary credit or deferred payment: commodity-deferral-money or goods-credit money.
World money
essence of money is being used for international payments.Today, the main international unit of payment is the dollar.
Types of money
divided into two groups: cash and cashless.Further divided into six subgroups.
Cash:
- a bargaining chip;
- paper money;
- credit (card) money.
Cashless:
- credit card (plastic);
- payment cards (plastic);
- electronic finance.
Consider some of the subgroups detail
paper money include treasury bills, which are issued by the state, it does not have value as real.But used in all calculations and payment.Also refer to the paper money banknotes.
Credit money - it checks, bills, bills.
Electronic funds - it's money, the essence of which is that they can pay for purchases / bills on the Internet, that is, they are in the electronic payment system ("webmoney", "Yandex-money", etc.) and in bank accounts inelectronically.
Functions of money
1. Money - universal opportunity to assess the value of goods (a measure of value).
2. Money - universal means of purchase (medium of exchange).
3. Distribution function.It implies a shift from the owner to the recipient.
4. Savings and funded.
5. currency exchange.
Conclusion This article discloses that such money, species, nature, functions.Payment funds are needed to serve the national economy.Their main function - the payment for goods and services.Type of money depends on the material of manufacture.
