industrial development and a high level of the national economy are the key factors affecting the wealth and prosperity of its people.This state has a great economic opportunity and potential.A significant component of the economy of many countries is the production.
What is a modern production?
It is a type of manufacturing tangible and intangible benefits through the application of science and technology.Intensive changes in the traditional production occurred in the mid-90s, when the industry started to use technical innovations and the development of the world's scientists of the XX century.All sectors of modern industry depends on science and information.
structure of modern production
Modern production is divided into two types of activities:
- Material production, which includes the sectors of the economy, producing real wealth: agriculture, industry, construction, etc.
- Services, which, in turn, is divided into two types:
- tangible services designed to meet the physical needs of the consumer, the continuation of the production process, providing the necessary conditions for entrepreneurial activity.These include food production, transportation, communications, trade, storage of goods, tourism and service processes in enterprises, housing and household services;
- intangible services - activities aimed directly at the man and his environments.The result of such services does not acquire objective form.These include insurance, social services, health care, scientific activity, spiritual and intellectual services, reception in places of power and hotels, recreational activities, education and counseling.
The structure of modern production due to the rapid development in recent years, various kinds of services and information technology.
Features modern production
Modern production is characterized by such features:
- increase in the value of services in the production process;
- the opportunity to meet not only the real needs of the consumer, but also its potential demand;
- development of information technologies that are the basis of the production processes;
- many economies highly dependent on intangible areas: arts and culture.
Factors modern production
- staff - the company employs specially trained people to create wealth and change the objects of nature to meet the needs of society.
- means work - all sorts of material things, by which creates the necessary goods and services to humanity.These include equipment (machinery, tools, equipment, various machines and tools), natural resources (eg water at hydroelectric power stations).Due to the natural wealth of the instruments of labor are converted into useful items and goods.
- object of labor - these are the things or their totality, which mankind uses to meet their needs.They are divided into natural substances that have not been changed (coal seam), and raw materials that have passed some processing (beaten off ore).
- information - the last time she played a crucial role in the production process.Even if the company has the first three factors, without information it is doomed to close.
production technology
Technology of production of the enterprise is a set of special techniques and knowledge that are used in order to manufacture goods of appropriate quality.The use of technology should be accompanied by documentation describing all the requirements, conditions and standards of quality for which the company is focused in the production process.
Production Company applies a set of input factors that shape the technology of the enterprise.For example, the owner of the pastry shop employs salaried bakers, raw materials in the form of flour, sugar and various additives and capital - machines, stoves, different techniques for the production of bread, cakes and confectionery.
Modern technology is more advanced, and the company may make some adjustments to it to increase the volume of finished products at a set of standard factors of production.So, the owner estimates that more profitable: a laborious manual process of production or the use of capital-intensive equipment.
Modern production technology play a key role in the performance.For this reason, the world is actively disseminate and exchange best know-how.Thus, economists have identified the information as a new special factor of modern production.
information as the key to success
information - a set of specific knowledge and information.All sectors of modern industry largely depend on it.Information plays a crucial role by providing program management techniques, the organization of the production process and its control, the possibility of rapid changes, the instantaneous dissemination of progressive ideas and technologies, increasing the skills and knowledge of employees.
value of knowledge in all areas is growing every day.Economists have identified this trend in a separate process, which is called the information revolution.It was she who was the cause of the transition of developed countries from an industrial society to an information type.
Types of modern production
XXI century is characterized by a wide variety of production activities.The largest enterprises are competing for the development of new market niches, creating previously unknown products and services.
lists all existing nowadays kinds of production is very difficult.But all of them depending on the subject of activities are combined in such groups:
- Food Production.
- Building.
- Consumer goods manufacturing.
- Recycling.
- Production of building materials.
- Manufacturers material base for businesses.
- Chemical production.
In each country, the development of these industries may be different and depends mainly on the availability of the necessary raw materials and production capacity.
Organization of modern production
organization of production processes is a union of all the processes and elements of production, ensuring their interaction, creating conditions for the realization of the economic objectives of the enterprise and social needs of workers.
Due to the rapid technological development and the development of new activities has changed significantly by the organization of production.
So, in the era of industrial society the main branch of the economy, industrial production was considered.It was based on mass production, which went down in history as Fordism - the name of Henry Ford for the first time to use this method of organization in its Automobile Building Plant.Key components of the mass production of the time were:
- rationalization - the alignment of each labor action on basic operations and the definition of a sequence that would have led to the most rapid production;
- standardization of components and processes - reducing the diversity of operations in order to reduce time-consuming;
- pipelining continuous production - increase in manufactured products and reducing its cost.
Thus, mass production provides greater productivity gains and significant savings in resources.
However, in the future a society faced with the first issues of the organization.Mass production of goods oversaturate the market the same type of products, and consumer demand is increasingly shifted towards luxury goods.This individualization of demand has forced most industries to change the way of production and start using multipurpose equipment with program control which is used to this day.
widespread introduction of flexible manufacturing systems is the main feature of the modern organization of production.With this volume of production can be still large, but the product is different diverse assortment.
problems of modern production
In modern conditions of development of economy of industrial enterprises are faced with important challenges:
- Any kind of production requires constant technical modernization.To work effective and profitable, it is necessary to ensure the growth of production, increase competitiveness, expand markets for goods.To realize these objectives should be applied technological modernization.
- deficit financing and material and technical control of the base.In such circumstances, the company does not have the ability to develop and introduce new technologies and innovation, develop the highest level of production.
- Underdeveloped scientific and research work in the field of activity of the enterprise.This problem adversely affects the state of the industry in general.Imperfect knowledge, lack of modern research and development lead to the gradual decline of activities and reduce the rate of growth in production.
- deteriorating social conditions in the company, which leads to a sharp outflow of qualified personnel.Lack of specialists negative impact on the development of the industry.
solve these problems you can use to invest in modern production technologies.You can use the internal capital of the company or to attract funding from outside.
Modern production and ecology
production is largely due to the nature.Modern industry uses large quantities of natural resources.As a result of this nature is being depleted, deteriorating health conditions of their existence.This problem is so urgent that all governments have set ourselves the task necessarily keep account of environmental factors.
This decision has made significant changes in the production of modern enterprises.They are forced to move to non-waste and resource-saving technologies, the use of protective and clearing systems, to conduct scientific research and development for Environmental Protection.
