Who is he: a philosopher or a scientist?Francis Bacon - a great thinker of the Renaissance England.A versatile man, who had replaced many posts had seen several countries and spoke for hundreds of clever ideas that guide people and still.The quest for knowledge and speaking skills Bacon from the early years played a major role in the reformation of philosophy at the time.In particular, the scholastics and the teachings of Aristotle, which were based on cultural and spiritual values have been refuted empiricist Francis in the name of science.Bacon argued that the only scientific and technical progress may raise civilization and thereby enrich humanity spiritually.
Francis Bacon - Biography policy
Bacon was born in London on January 22, 1561, organized in an English family.His father had served at the court of Elizabeth I, the keeper of the royal seal.His mother was the daughter of Anthony Cook, who was brought up by King Edward VI.Educated women who know Greek and Latin, the young Francis instilled a love for learning.He grew up smart and smyshlёnym boy experiencing great interest in the sciences.
In 12 years, Bacon went to Cambridge University.After his graduation philosopher travels.The political, cultural and social life of France, Spain, Poland, Denmark, Germany and Sweden have left their mark in the article "On the state of Europe", written by a thinker.After his father's death Bacon returned home.
his political career, Francis did when he ascended to the English throne King James I. was Philosopher and the Attorney General (1612), and Keeper of the Seals (1617) and Lord Chancellor (1618).However, the rapid rise ended plummeting.
In the wake of life's journey
In 1621, Bacon was accused King of bribery jailed (albeit in two days) and pardoned.Following the career of Francis as a politician is over.All the subsequent years he studied science and experiments.Philosopher died in 1626 from a cold.
Bacon - the author of many works, including:
- "Experiments and guidance" - in 1597 - the first edition.Then book many times reprinted and supplemented.The work consists of short essays and essays, where a thinker talks about politics and morality.
- "The significance and success of the knowledge of divine and human" - 1605
- "Ancient Wisdom" - 1609
- Descriptions intellectuals of the world.
- "The high positions," in which he spoke about the advantages and disadvantages of high officials."At the highest point is hard to resist, but there is no way back, except for a fall or, at least, the sunset ...".
- "New Organon" - in 1620 - the cult book of the time devoted to the classification of science, its methods and techniques.
- "On the dignity and enhancement of Sciences" - is the first part of the "Great restoration of Sciences", volume of essays Bacon.
Phantom utopia or a vision for the future?
Francis Bacon."New Atlantis."The two terms in philosophy, which can be considered synonymous.The work, though left unfinished, but still absorbed the outlook of its author.
«New Atlantis" was published in 1627.Bacon moves the reader on a remote island, where an ideal thriving civilization.All thanks to scientific and technological advances, unprecedented at the time.Bacon looked like hundreds of years into the future, because in Atlantis can be found on the microscope, the synthesis of living beings, as well as the cure for all ills.In addition, there are descriptions of different, not yet open, sound and hearing aids.
Island manages society uniting the main wise men of the country.And if the precursor of Bacon touched problems of communism and socialism, then this work is entirely technocratic.
Looking at life through the eyes of the philosopher
thinking founder of modern times is truly a Francis Bacon.Philosophy thinker denies the scholastic doctrine and in the first place puts the science and knowledge.By knowing the laws of nature, and drawing their own benefit, a person is able not only to gain power, but to grow spiritually.
Francis noted that all discoveries have been made by chance, because very few people owned the scientific methods and techniques.Bacon first attempted to classify the science based on the properties of the mind: the memory - is the story of imagination - it's poetry, mind - it is a philosophy.
main on the road to knowledge should be the inductive method and experience.Any investigation should start with observation rather than theory.Bacon said that success is only one experiment, for which the constantly changing conditions of time and space, as well as the circumstances.Matter is all the time must be in motion.
Francis Bacon.Empiricism
scientist himself and his philosophy in the end result led to the emergence of such concepts as "empiricism": knowledge is through experience.Just having enough knowledge and experience, you can count on the results of its activities.
Bacon identifies several ways of acquiring knowledge:
- "Path spider" - the knowledge obtained from pure reason, rational way.In other words, the web is woven from thoughts.Specific factors are not taken into account.
- "ant path" - the knowledge obtained through experience.The focus is only on the facts and evidence gathering.However, the essence remains unclear.
- "The way the bees" - the perfect way that combines the good qualities and the spider and an ant, but at the same time deprived of their shortcomings.Following this path, all the facts and evidence should be passed through the prism of his thinking through his mind.And only then the truth will be revealed.
Barriers to knowledge
not always easy to learn new things.Bacon says in his teachings about the obstacles ghost.They interfere set your mind and thoughts.There are obstacles congenital and acquired.
innate "kind of ghosts" and "Ghosts of the cave" - so they classify the philosopher himself."Ghosts kind" - a culture of human knowledge interferes."Ghosts of the cave" - knowledge of interfering effect of specific people.
Acquired "ghost market" and the "ghosts of the theater."The first involve the misuse of words and definitions.Man takes everything literally, as it interferes with the right thinking.The second obstacle - it's impact on the existing knowledge of philosophy.Only the Forsaken from the old can comprehend the new.Based on the old experience, passing it through their thoughts, people are able to achieve success.
Great minds do not die
Some great people - a century later - give rise to others.Francis Bacon - expressionist painter of our time, as well as a distant descendant of the philosopher-thinker.
artist Francis revered works of his ancestor, he struggled to follow his teachings, left in "smart" books.Francis Bacon, whose biography ended not so long ago, in 1992, had a great impact on the world.And when the philosopher carried it into words, his distant grandchild - paints.
During his homosexuality Francis Jr. was kicked out of the house.Wandering through France and Germany, he successfully got to the exhibition of paintings by Picasso in 1927.She had a huge impact on the guy.Bacon returned to his native London, where he gets a small garage workshop and begins to create.
Francis Bacon considered one of the darkest contemporary artists.His paintings - vivid proof.Blurred full of despair facial silhouettes and oppressed, but at the same time make us think about the meaning of life.After all, every man hidden faces are blurred and the role that it uses for various occasions.
Despite its darkness, paintings are very popular.Great art connoisseur Bacon - Roman Abramovich.At the auction, he bought the painting "Landmark canonical XX century" worth 86.3 million dollars!
Words thinker
philosophy - eternal science of eternal values.Anyone who is able to think a little - "a little" philosopher.Bacon wrote down his thoughts always and everywhere.And many of his quotations people use every day.Bacon has surpassed even the greatness of Shakespeare.So says his contemporaries.
Francis Bacon.Quotes to note:
- hobble straight road running outstrip that has gone astray.
- little friendship in the world - and least of all among equals.
- There is nothing worse than fear itself.
- most terrible loneliness - not to have true friends.
- Subtlety - refuge of the weak.
- in the dark - all the same color.
- Hope - good breakfast but a bad supper.
- good is what is useful to man, to mankind.
Knowledge is power
Power is knowledge.Only abstracting from everyone and everything, passing his experience and the experience of their predecessors through your own mind, you can understand the truth.It is not enough to be a theorist, you must be a practitioner!Do not be afraid of criticism and condemnation.And who knows, maybe the biggest opening for you!
