In 2013 - 2014, many Russian banks the Central Bank revoked the license.This not only caused panic among depositors, but also hit other credit institutions.Customers began to take money even for financially stable banks.For the first time in a long time very loudly sounded the word "reorganization."What is meant by a procedure rescue of a credit institution by the state?In this article you will learn what the reorganization of banks.
Determination
set of procedures aimed at restoring the financial condition - rehabilitation of the bank.What does it mean?If it is possible to avoid the bankruptcy of a financial institution, the management of the bank will be transferred to the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA).Sanitation is beneficial to customers who have invested deposit, because it allows you to keep all the money invested.If the bank has withdrawn the license, the DIA may recover only a portion of the value of the deposit.But if there is an investor who buys a credit institution as a whole, it will also benefit entities, as will continue to be served by the organization.The new owner uses the whole range of measures to restructure the accounts payable and get rid of illiquid assets.That is what rehabilitation of banks.But it is quite rarely performed.If the hole in the balance sheet corresponds to the volume of assets, it will not do anything.
Sanitation held if:
- Bank is significant for the economy of a country or a particular region ("Solidarity" in the Samara region);
- a credit institution is stable, but faced with a temporary lack of liquidity due to the panic of the population (Gazenergobank).
decision takes CBR.Next Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) provides temporary control of the bank, while his assets are transferred to another financial institution.She will also be allocated for the restoration of solvency and payment obligations.Sometimes DIA can not recover on its own ailing bank.But often have to seek investors.It should be a reliable financial institution always with a positive experience of improvement in the past.Recoverable amount of the bank may receive capital from three sources: from the Central Bank, the DIA and the private investor.That is what rehabilitation of banks.
Positive aspects
procedure rehabilitation helps individuals and legal entities to maintain deposits in full.In the case of a bank failure of the enterprise will lose their life savings, and ordinary citizens will only amount to 700 thousand. Rubles.Redevelopment allows you to fully restore the activity of the financial institution.The additional capital enables to save jobs and quickly resolve the current problems.
What is the benefit of the investor
State saves only the strong and important regional banks.Business development and to enhance investor confidence on the part of local institutions greatly contribute to rehabilitation of the bank.What does it mean?In exchange for the investment financial institution receives a part of the capital, the product line organization, infrastructure capacity and its customer base.All these data are an investor can use to synergies with its other activities.
procedure
basis for rehabilitation is a real opportunity to restore the solvency of the bank.The procedure for recovery can not exceed 1.5 years.If within three years were filed another application for bankruptcy proceedings, the bank can not be re-directed to the reorganization.
After approval of the application, the tribunal announces competition for participation in the process of recovery.Guidelines for restoration of solvency of the bank: the postponement of repayment of bonds issued, with a decrease of him%, the emission of new CBA, extra credit, extension of previously received loans, etc.Pre-emptive right to participate in the reorganization are creditors, the owner of the bank and its employees.
rehabilitation of the bank what to do to depositors
important to remember that during the procedures for the recovery of the financial condition of the organization, all customer accounts will be stored.Bank receives additional capital, which should be aimed at the elimination of all the current problems with liquidity.Previously, students in schools strong help the weak.Now, the same practice is used in the banking sector.Therefore, the most important thing in this situation - do not panic.Even if the management stated that it temporarily "freezes" all the means to return the money depositors can, but it will take some time.
important to distinguish between the concept of "rehabilitation" and "bankruptcy".In the second case, the return of citizens in the amount of up to 700 thousand. Rubles guaranteed by the Deposit Insurance Agency.According to the Law "On insurance of individual deposits in Russian banks' payments to begin 14 days after the revocation of the license of the bank.But in practice, the time will pass much more.And it is not even the fact that the ACB could not immediately return deposits to promise more percent.Much more time will be spent on the analysis of financial condition and a roster of contributors.
enterprises and entrepreneurs recover their deposits, most likely will not.According to the Federal Law "On insolvency of credit institutions", such requirements are met after the payment obligations to individuals, the DIA and the Central Bank, provided that the financial institution will still have the means.Therefore, it is important that there was an investor who will be able to restore the solvency of the organization.
Although last year was a lot of licenses withdrawn by banks, stock funds from the Agency still has.If the money runs out, the Central Bank will provide additional funding by issuing a preliminary national currency.The devaluation of the ruble could swipe at owners of foreign currency deposits.The amount of the deposit plus interest will exceed 700 thousand rubles.The owners of ruble deposits at and be able to return their savings, but by that time they will be greatly impaired.Therefore, in this case, you can consult the following: at the first hint of a strong currency devaluation contact the bank branch with a request to "break" your deposit into several parts.Even better - to renew part of the contribution to the relative.The cashless transactions you can not refuse, because in fact the currency from a bank you can not take away.
What will happen then
On completion of the readjustment procedure new investor independently decides whether to save the brand, business model, and a team of employees, or to develop everything from scratch.Most often they change.CB does this decision can not affect.
bank resolution 2014
In the past year, the most panic caused the news of the introduction of an interim administration in one of the oldest credit institutions of the country.We are talking about OAO "Baltic Bank" (St. Petersburg).Remediation of financial institutions began in August 2014.To restore the liquidity of the Central Bank initially allocated 10 billion rubles.ACB held a competition for participation in the procedure for recovery of the credit organization "Baltic Bank".Sanitation has been held for five months.Manages the process of a new investor JSC "Alfa-Bank".During this time, many customers already have experienced a positive change in the organization.Brand and business model remains unchanged.Instead, customers can now withdraw funds from an additional 5,000 ATMs "Alpha" no commission.Network Office will not be rebuilt quickly.Management is also reassured that rates on deposit and loan agreements will remain unchanged until the end of their validity.Earlier, the "Alfa-Bank" participated in the recovery of "Northern Treasury".This financial institution after the restoration has been eliminated and is connected to the investor.A similar fate awaits "Baltic Bank".Remediation will be carried out at the expense of budget funds in the amount of 57 billion. That the investor has received a favorable 0.51%.
Headlines
18.11.2014 it was reported that DIA has taken the interim administrator to manage the group "growth".In addition to the credit institution of the same name, it includes four other institutions: "Cedar", "Akkobank", "SKA", "Tveruniversalbank."In October 2014 the Central Bank engaged in assessing the financial condition of the holding, the results of which pointed to the need to implement measures to prevent bankruptcy.Now DIA is developing plans to improve the health of each of the five credit institutions.That's what the reorganization of the banking group.
Summary
If the bank plays an important role in the economy and faced with a temporary liquidity shortage, the Central Bank may begin the procedure recovery organization.In this case, the DIA assumes the role of the temporary administrator.In parallel to the financial analysis of investors announced a contest that could restore the solvency of the organization.That is what rehabilitation of banks.
