IP (Ingress Protection Rating) is a system for classifying the degrees of protection of the enclosure of equipment operating on the electric current, moisture and solid objects in accordance with the international standard IEC 60529 (similar to DIN 40050, GOST 14254-96).It should be a closer look at everything connected with it.
General characteristics
IP (degree of protection) suggests a method which is checked by standard test methods, provided by enclosures that prevent access to dangerous parts, as well as protecting against the penetration of water or solid objects from the outside.Foreign body as a concept - it's tools and fingers touching the live components.There IP (degree of protection) involves not only the security dimension, but also the absence of the harmful effects that can affect the operation of the elements.To determine the level of security has a special code on any device that runs on electricity.
IP (degree of protection) is specified on the devices by the international symbol of protection, after which there is a pair of numbers.The first of these indicates protection against penetration of solid objects and the second obstacle ensures water, for example, IP54.If you have knowledge about certain numbers according to specific classes you can understand how and what is right to connect.Degree of protection IP20 is the minimum degree of protection against possible current-carrying elements of the fingers touch.The maximum class is IP68, indicating that before you dustproof device that can stay under water for a long time.Safety and specification is provided only in cases where all the required procedures with respect to their service carried out on time.It is important to fully follow the instructions from the manufacturer.
understand the specifications
If we consider such a thing as the IP (protection level) then the first digit in the characteristic points to the protective feature that is provided by the shell.It prevents access to the parts representing the increased risk by limiting or preventing the penetration into certain parts of the body shell of a person or object that may be in his hands, as well as equipment located inside the shell of the penetration of various items outside.
first parameter
If the characterization of the first digit - is 0, then this shell is not any guarantee of protection against the penetration of various objects outside or against access to hazardous parts.The number 1 on this site indicates the possibility of protection against access to the back of the hand elements pose a threat to humans, 2 - finger, 3 - any tool, 4-6 - wire.In addition, the number 6 is a guarantee of full protection from dust.
second parameter IP (degree of protection)
Under the second characteristic numeral hidden level of equipment protection from the adverse effects of water, provides a special envelope.If it is set to 0, it means a complete lack of protection.Under number 1 hidden protection against drops falling vertically 2 - vertically falling drops if different from the shell at 15 degrees, 3 - protection from rain water;4 - protection from complete wetting, 5 - against water jets, 6 - against strong jets, 7 - from the impacts associated with the temporary immersion in water 8 - from the effects of which are associated with long-term presence in the water.These two figures, and after specified IP (degree of protection).Table parameters that contains the above information, to determine what level of question in each case.
Nuances
Quite often in the presence of protection against ingress of liquid can talk about the ability to automatically protect against ingress of foreign bodies and penetration.For example, if the device has protection from liquid to 4, ie from direct spray, here we are talking about automatic matching of protection against ingress level 5. IP65 protection ensures protection from water jets and fine dust.
most common classes:
- Protection IP 20 means that the devices can be used indoors, in the case of a normal environment with the absence of strong pollution.Typical applications can be called warm and dry shop industrial, offices, theaters, shops.
- Protection IP 21 / IP 22 allows the use of devices in industrial areas without heating and under the eaves, which is provided by the presence of anti-condensation and dripping water.Their use is allowed under the conditions described in the preceding paragraph.
- degree of protection IP 23 allows the use of lights or other devices in industrial areas without heating, as well as outside buildings.Naturally, they can also be installed in the locations described above.
- degree of protection IP 24, says of these devices outside of buildings in terms of temperature and humidity fluctuations.It allowed their use in the field, as described in the preceding paragraphs.
- degree of protection IP 44 allows the use of devices in a street or outdoor lighting, when it comes to lamps.All of them are protected from splashing raindrops and fine solids.
- Protection IP 50 indicates that the device can be used in dusty environments.Such equipment is usually protected from rapid internal contamination.Such devices may not be used in wet conditions.
- IP 54 is a standard class for water-protected performance.Devices allowed to wash, while the negative effects are eliminated in full.When it comes to lamps, they are often used in areas where there is a high content of moisture and dust, as well as under various shelters.Very often, such a class is typical for embedded LED lamps.
- Protection IP 60 says that, for example, the lamp is fully protected against dust accumulation, while it may be used in a rather dusty environment.This performance devices are extremely rare.Typically, where a class is required, install the unit in which the degree of protection IP 65 / IP 66, relating to struezaschitnym, ie, to clean them, you can apply a jet of water under pressure.Although in this case no question of complete water resistance, penetrated moisture is not able to have harmful effects on their functioning.
- Protection IP 67 / IP 68 implies the possibility of immersing the device into the water for a long time.Fixtures of this class can be immersed in pools or fountains for their coverage.
How to understand what the product before you?
Usually on the package of any electrical appliance, which is characterized by even a minimum degree of protection against external influences, provides information about it.It turns out that if either on the box or in the manual have no information about this, then we are talking about the absolute insecurity, corresponding IP20.
more information
marking sometimes found on the letter, which characterizes the degree of protection of people from access to the elements, a danger, and she indicated that if in fact the level of protection is superior to the one that describes the first digit.It represented only protection against water, and the first digit was replaced with "X".Thus, there has multiple letters that are used in this field.Under the letter "A" hidden ability to protect the membrane from the back of his hand access to dangerous parts, the "B" - a finger, "C" - the tool and "D" - Wired.By supporting the letter "H" hiding high-voltage equipment.Marking «M» indicates that the device is in the operating state of water during testing.Under the letter «S» refers to the stationary member unit during immersion.«W» guarantees protection from adverse weather conditions.
Ingress protection is allowed to designate any additional letter only if it fully meets the lower level of the parameters.The highest is currently IP69K, which is used for high-temperature washing, operating under pressure.Such housing has not only enhanced protection from dust, but also the ability to withstand high water pressure during the cleaning process.Initially, the standard was designed for on-road vehicles, particularly in need of regular cleaning, but is now widely used in other industries - chemical and food industries.
Conclusions
some degree of protection of the device indicates where and in what conditions of work, you can use it.
