Socio-demographic policy in Russia is a basic element in the formation of the concept of the economy.From human resources software depends on the level of social welfare in the country and the performance of its external position as a subject of the world economic space.
Population policy: it
objective of this sphere of government regulation - to provide the necessary human resources for the country.It depends on the status of all major forms of social life, the economy, the quality of life of different social strata of the population, the level of the country's defense.What indicators form the socio-demographic situation in Russia:
- level of reproduction of the population;
- dynamic performance population size and structure;
- mortality / fertility;
- number of prisoners and divorces;
- migration figures.
All other indicators of the state of society in the state in dynamics for 10-15 years, on the basis of which is an analytical section, identify issues requiring immediate action, or the negative trends and the development of measures to neutralize them.
What is social policy
aim of social policy - to improve the quality of life through the implementation of social programs and state support for certain population groups.Successful social policy is a prerequisite in order to reach the target demographic policy in Russia.
For example, the program "mother's capital" is being implemented with the support of the state and identified good prospects to increase the average birth rate in Russia.However, the social sector is not always willing to provide the conditions in this area.Indicative is the situation with an increase in the birth rate, which has resulted in the demographic policy in Russia.2013 showed a deficit number of places in pre-school educational institutions, this problem remains relevant in the near future.An imbalance can lead to undesirable social consequences.In addition to these negative factors, the lack of places in kindergartens does not allow parents to realize their full employment potential.
indicators of population reproduction in Russia
Despite taken measures to increase the population in Russia over the past ten years, the trend towards depopulation.Despite the fact that the birth rate tends to increase (on average 15%), but high mortality rates of the working population is left unresolved the question of reproduction.
Demographic Policy in Russia in the beginning of the century has shown to be ineffective.The lowest level of birth was in 2000.In the future, this demographic pit should manifest itself in 2020, when the ratio of pensioners and working age will reach critical proportions.
It was at least the period of reproduction was adopted concept of demographic policy up to 2015 and the prospect of up to 2025 to create conditions for the stabilization of the process of reproduction.
Migration processes in contemporary Russia
Due to fundamental changes in the economy over the past decade, the reduction programs for the development of the northern regions of the outflow from these regions of the working population was significant and amounted to more than eight per cent of the total population of the Far North (More than 1 million people) .Nablyudayutsya major changes in the proportions of legal and illegal migration flows residents of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).That is why in the Concept of demographic development laid the task of creating a program to attract promising young specialists from the CIS, the return of compatriots from abroad.
Institute of Marriage and Family
Institute of marriage and family is the basic social unit of society.That it laid the principles of the social order, culture, attitudes, social beliefs, orientation of the person.
for successful implementation of social prospects of the family is an indicator of a healthy relationship.Therefore, the demographic policy of Russia relies on the development of the institution of family and marriage.What activities should reinforce this important social institution?They provide program support for the institution of family and serve the purpose not only to strengthen it, but also the development of the spiritual and moral foundations of social unit:
- counseling and psychological support for families, the crucial task of maintaining the family and prevent divorce.
- promoting the values of marriage and child rearing, as well as admission to the family of children left without parental care.
- Reducing the number of abortions.
- Increasing parental responsibility for the upbringing and development of children.
concept, program, plan and demographic policy
concept - an ideological position that is a postulate for all other documents and decisions at the federal, regional and local level.General view of the situation on the demographics of the country and the strategic direction in addressing the problems identified.
Demographic Policy in Russia is carried out as part of the activities.Determined solutions of problems (maternal and child health, support for the elderly, the prevention of anti-social behavior among young people and others) and organizational scales (federal, regional and municipal levels).
Plan - spatial and temporal localization of activities in accordance with our program.The plan is expressed in specific numbers and dates.As a result, he has to be analyzed in relation to the actual performance planned.
What are the priorities at the present stage
as priorities, according to the accepted concepts that solve the demographic policy in Russia in 2014 on the present period and up to 2025, are the following:
- Reduced mortality (particularly maternal and infant).
- Increase the duration of the active life of the population 75 years of age.
- maintain the momentum of increasing fertility.
- strengthen the family.
- attracting labor migrants.
The solution of demographic problems depends directly on the effectiveness of social measures aimed at stabilizing the economic processes, reducing the stratification of society, the creation of favorable social conditions and raise living standards of the population.
socio-demographic policy in modern Russia, its value and the prospect
for effectiveness and predictability of the given parameters is important to provide not only the successful raising of quantitative indicators of population growth, but also to ensure the growth of the quality of social life.Demographic Policy in Russia involves the period up to 2025:
- reduce mortality working-age population is not less than 1.6 times.
- reduce maternal and infant mortality rates by more than 2 times.
- Improve health outcomes, create incentives for healthy lifestyles.
- Increase birth rate by 1.5 times, to achieve reproduction of the population due to the birth of the second and subsequent children.
At present, the validity of the provisions, which declares the demographic policy of Russia, confirmed by statistical data.The natural increase of the population according to 2012 marked forty subjects of the Russian Federation.The level of population of 143 million people, which was scheduled for 2015, has already been achieved.But the goals are still relevant.
Population policy and the mentality in Russia
Thus, the demographic policy in Russia, a brief introduction to the concept and detailed exposition in social programs - a system of influence of the state and social institutions in the processes in society in order to improve quantitative indicators and demographic development.Demographic Policy in Russia does not change, and only develops originally Russian traditions in understanding the value of the family and family upbringing children.
Russian mentality has always contained the spiritual and moral principles of justice and equality in society, access to benefits for all its members.
Based on these priorities, government policy is doomed to success, since Russian is identical to the traditional understanding of the relationship of man and society.
