«Bulava" - is one of the newest developments of domestic rocket.Up to now being tested for this property.Some of them failed, which caused a lot of criticism from experts.It's safe to say that the "Bulava" - a rocket, the characteristics of which are really unique, and exactly what you'll learn in this article.It is necessary to draw your attention to the fact that the solid-fuel ballistic missile designed to accommodate nuclear submarines (like "Shark").
History
In 1998, it was decided in favor of the development of a ballistic missile "Bulava".While the post was the Navy of the Russian Federation Vladimir Kuroyedov, who developed the tool of "Bark" strategic.The complex was prepared by only 70%, and the tests were unsuccessful.The Council of the Russian Federation made a decision to transfer the development of the capital's newest intercontinental ballistic missile Institute of Thermal Technology, despite the fact that the latter is completely absent from the experience of creating such weapons.In June 2009, it conducted its first test missile "Bulava", which proved successful.After that, it was decided to start serial production of the most worked parts and assemblies.So, the end of 2012, Anatoly Serdyukov said that these missiles will go for the army of the Russian Federation in October 2012.As of January 2014, it was made about 46 rockets, about 14 of which were launched during the test.
conducted tests
Today was carried out about 20 tests, only 55% were successful.The first launch of the missile "Bulava" (weight and size model) was implemented September 23, 2004.The second, which can be called the first real, was executed September 25, 2005.Then intercontinental missile "Bulava" successfully reached its target and hit it.The third launch from a submerged position from the nuclear submarine "Dmitry Donskoy" was performed in October 2005.The purpose of the Kura range on the Kamchatka Peninsula, successfully struck.The next few tests have been inconclusive.Refuses liquid engine last stage of the rocket, it was deflected off course and fell, just banal self-destructed.The only good news is that in the course of unsuccessful tests were made relevant conclusions and modified certain nodes.As a result, 9 of the last 10 tests were successful, and it is a very good result.Now let's look at another interesting point.
missile "Bulava": characteristics
The complex boasts the following features:
- Range - 8000 km.
- Weight (starting) - 36.8 tons.
- Throw (resettable) weight - 1 150 kilograms.
- Length / Diameter launch container - 12.1 / 2.1 meters.
- diameter first stage - 2.0 meters.
missile "Bulava", the characteristics of which you have just learned, has three stages.The first two are made solid-fuel, and the last - liquid.The weight of the motor of the first stage is about 18.5 tons with a length of 3.6 meters.To date, data on the second stage were not disclosed.Prior to 2014 it was known as carried 3rd stage.Today, we can confidently say that it is liquid.It is necessary to ensure maximum maneuvering object in the final stages of the flight.This missile in the structure can carry about 10 nuclear units, each of which is controllable.It is almost all of the data that are known to date.
Recent Developments complex
It is learned that in the complex will be a special system to overcome missile defense.But it will be a system that is not explained.It may be decoys, or a special coating that makes the unit invisible to radar.This is top secret information that will not be disclosed.Separately, a few words must be said that the missile "Bulava", the characteristics of which we have already discussed, was slightly modernized in recent years development.In particular, the principle was changed breeding nuclear units.If earlier rocket O unit over the target, and then reset (scattered the) them, but now the principle of "bunch" or "school bus" - in the terminology of the United States.Since the "Topol-M" and "Bulava" developed on the same database (Moscow Institute of Heat), and the accuracy of the first complex is quite large, it is possible to with great confidence to talk about high performance intercontinental ballistic missile "Bulava".But, since there are different versions - "Bulava-30", "Bulava-M", it is difficult to say something about the accuracy and other characteristics of a single complex.
speed missile "Bulava»
ballistic missile almost all the time for his flight is unmanageable.Onboard electronics contains a program that determines the speed and trajectory of another active phase of flight.After the engine is switched off, the rocket is moving along a ballistic trajectory and is controlled from the outside.You can say that the rate of ballistic missile medium and short range is virtually identical.But since we are dealing with an intercontinental ballistic missile, in this case, the rate is slightly higher and is about 5-6 kilometers per hour.Accurate data can not be named, as they are at present unknown.However, we can say that during the test, it was observed that the rocket 14 minutes flew 5500 kilometers.From this it can be a simple conclusion is that the missile is flying in a second order of 6-7 kilometers.You can say that the speed of the missile "Bulava" quite impressive, however, according to many reports, the US such complexes is somewhat faster.
little criticism
As noted above, because of the low percentage of successful tests of a ballistic missile "Bulava" suffered a lot of criticism, not only from the domestic scientists.Thus, the Americans say that this complex is almost one hundred percent of their missile similar to "Poseidon-C3."However, the latter is withdrawn from service as an outdated.But due to the fact that there has only two solid system and a maximum range of only five and a half thousand kilometers.It should be noted that many experts say that the substitution of liquid sea-based missiles to such counterparts as the "Bulava" will only reduce the nuclear deterrent.But, according to Solomon (Chief Designer), reducing the payload due to the increased survival of missiles.
Some assessment tests
Many experts have often criticized this complex.This was due to the fact that the launch of missiles "Mace" in 45% of cases was unsuccessful.Although it is quite controversial information, as several tests have been partially successful, although it had a deflection.Moreover, approximately 90% of unsuccessful starts were performed at the stage of active development.But when the missile was developed, that of 10 starts only one was unsuccessful.Such indicators suggest just the opposite - that a ballistic missile "Bulava" very reliable, so to speak.Yuri Solomonov made a comment about the large number of failures during testing.He said that it is impossible to predict.The fact that all the processes leading to rejection, tested in a split second.And to clarify their nature MIT conducted dozens of expensive tests, which ultimately led to a positive trend.
little about the features of complex
As noted slightly higher intercontinental ballistic missile "Bulava" is unique in its kind.This is primarily due to the fact that in combat missile capable of withstanding fire laser guns.It is noteworthy that the slope of the start allows you to start to "go", that is, during the movement of the nuclear submarine.This will increase the flexibility of the complex as a whole.By the way, it should be noted that after a series of failed tests Solomonov resigned as general director of MIT, but at the same time was principal designer of the complex.And now let's talk about what objects to be used intercontinental ballistic missile "Bulava»
accommodation complex
Since this was created as the rocket ship missile complex, it is logical to assume that the principal place of accommodation - nuclear submarines.Strategic submarine cruisers improved project "Shark", for example, "Dmitry Donskoy" and "Arkhangelsk", already have in their arsenal this complex.Incidentally, in this article, there are pictures, where the complex will start to the Premier League at the moment looks pretty impressive, "Bulava" (photo).The missile is also installed on the objects of the "Boreas".Among them, "Yury Dolgoruky", "Alexander Nevsky" and others.By the end of 2020 it is planned to build about 8 submarines, of which 3 of the project "Shark" and 5 - on "Northwind".Each eyeliner will launch 16 "Bulava".
Conclusion
So we reviewed with you the key features of the complex "Bulava" (photo), the missile as you can see, it looks very impressive, and recent tests suggest its high efficiency.However, the ideal is difficult to call it.But to strengthen the capacity of the Russian submarine she can.In addition, the reduced capacity of the complex is due to increased accuracy.Many critics did not take into account the persistence of the rocket in comparison with analogues.Resistance to damaging factors played almost a key role during the conduct of hostilities.
