May 5, 1818 in Trier, relating to Rhineside Prussia, Karl Marx was born - the future great economist, philosopher, sociologist and social activist, poet, writer and political journalist.Biography of Karl Marx will be discussed in this article.
His father was a Jewish lawyer.He took Protestantism in 1824.Marx family was quite prosperous and cultured, but not revolutionary.
university years of training in the gymnasium (1830-1835) continues the biography of Karl Marx.Photos of the economist and philosopher is presented below.
After graduating from the gymnasium in Trier, Marx arrives first at the University of Bonn and later in Berlin.He studied jurisprudence, but most of all - philosophy and history.The course was finished in 1841.The philosophy of Epicurus was the subject of a university thesis of Marx.In his views, he was at a time Hegelian idealist.In Berlin, Marx belonged to the circle of so-called left-wing Hegelians (to which belonged, in particular, Bruno Bauer and others.).Its members sought to Hegel's philosophy of making revolutionary and atheistic conclusions.
Moving to Bonn
biography of Karl Marx in his youth marked by the fact that he graduated from the university moved to Bonn.He wanted to become a professor.However, the reactionary policy of the government of the time, which has deprived the department in 1832 and Feuerbach in 1836 refused to let him back to the university, and in 1841 took away the right from Bruno Bauer, a young professor, read a lecture at Bonn, made Marx abandon a careerscientist.
Development Left Hegelian
in Germany In Germany, the development of the views of supporters of the Left Hegelian progressed very rapidly at this time.In particular, since 1836 Ludwig Feuerbach starts criticism of theology, trying to turn it to materialism, ultimately springs from the top of his in 1841 ("Essence of Christianity")."Principles of the Philosophy of the Future" came out in 1843. On these works of Engels later wrote that the Left Hegelians immediately became "Feuerbachians."
Moving to Cologne, "Rheinische Zeitung"
Rhenish radical bourgeois who had contact with the Left Hegelians, founded in Cologne opposition newspaper called "Rheinische Zeitung".She came out to 1842, from 1 January.Bruno Bauer and Marx were invited to it as the main editorial staff.And in the same year, in October, Marx became editor in chief.He moved from Bonn to Cologne, where he continued his biography of Karl Marx.
When editorship of Charles revolutionary-democratic trend of this edition became over time, definitely.First, the government subjected the newspaper triple censorship and then decided to completely close it (in 1843, January 1).Marx by this time had to leave the editorial work.However, leaving his newspaper did not save.In March 1843 it was closed.Engels notes of the major articles Marx in the "Rheinische Zeitung", for example, an article on the situation in the valley of the Moselle peasant winemakers.Journalistic activities opened to Marx that he was not yet familiar enough with the close political economy.So he began to study it diligently.
marriage, moving to Paris
Karl Marx, whose biography we are interested in, in 1843 he married Jenny von Vestafalen in Kreuznach.It was a friend of his childhood, the girl with whom he was still a student, was engaged.His wife belonged to a noble family of Prussian reaction.
her elder brother was Prussian Minister of the Interior in one of the most reactionary period (1850 to 1858).In 1843, in the fall, Marx moved to Paris in order to publish abroad, together with Arnold Ruge left Hegelian radical magazine - "the German-French Yearbook."However, only one number left.Stop further work due to the difficulty of secretly distributing it in Germany, and also because of disagreements with Arnold Ruge.Marx in his articles written in this magazine, serves as proclaiming "criticism of everything existing" revolutionary.In particular, he criticized the use of weapons by appealing to the proletariat and the masses.
acquaintance with Friedrich Engels
in Paris in September 1844, Frederick Engels came for a few days.Since then, he became a close friend of Karl Marx.Together they participated in the life of various revolutionary groups in Paris.Teachings Proudhon thus had a special meaning.With him decisively settled by Marx in "The Poverty of Philosophy," published it in 1847.They have developed fighting doctrines of petty-bourgeois socialism, tactics and theory of communism (or Marxism) and the revolutionary proletarian socialism.Photos Engels presented below.
Moving from Paris to Brussels, "Communist League"
At the insistence of the government of Prussia in 1845, he was banished from Paris as a dangerous revolutionary Karl Marx.His biography prodlozhilas in Brussels, where he moved with his family.Marx and Engels in the spring of 1847 joined the company under the name "League of Communists".They in its second congress, held in London in 1847, took a prominent part.On behalf of the society, Marx and Engels made "Communist Manifesto", released in 1848, in February.This work depicted consistent materialism - a new view of the world, also covering the area of social life.Dialectics, they thought - the most profound and comprehensive theory of development.There was a theory of the revolutionary role of the proletariat and the class struggle, the creator of a new, communist society.
biography of Karl Marx in 1848-1849.
In 1848, began the revolution of February.Belgium was expelled by Karl Marx.Brief biography of him in the years 1848-1849.next.Again he went to Paris, and then, after the March revolution in Cologne.Here, from June 1848 on the May 1849 release of "Neue Rheinische Zeitung".Its chief editor was Karl Marx, a short biography which at that time was marked by several important events.Brilliantly it was confirmed by a new theory course of the revolutionary events that took place in 1848-1849 gg.Later it was confirmed by all proletarian and democratic countries of the world.
victorious counter-revolution first brought to justice Marx (he was acquitted in 1849, February 9), and then banished him from Germany (in the same year, May 16).Karl first went to Paris, where he was banished after the demonstration of June 13 and then went to London, where he lived until his death already.
life in exile in London
conditions were extremely difficult life in exile.They are seen most clearly from the correspondence with Engels, Karl Marx, published in 1913.Marx and his family choked need.If not for the monetary support of Engels, Karl would not only failed to finish his main work, "Capital", but inevitably would have perished under the yoke of poverty.Marx, the parties emigre circles, developed a number of historical works materialist theory, mainly dedicating his study of political economy.
I
Internationale began in the late '50s and continues to 60s era revival of various democratic movements again urged Marx to practical activity.He was based in London September 28, 1864 I International.After the fall in 1871 of the Paris Commune and the International division in Europe its existence was impossible.Then Karl Marx after the congress in The Hague (1872) moved to New York, its General Council.
last years Karl Marx
active work in the International and strenuous theoretical occupations completely undermined Marx's health already.Work on the "Capital" and the processing of poetic economy, he continued to collect a variety of materials, and studying a variety of languages (including Russian).However, the disease did not let him finish, "Capital".
His wife died in 1881, December 2.And 2 years later, March 14, 1883, Karl passed away in his chair.He was buried in London, Highgate Cemetery, along with his wife.
Several children of Marx died in London in childhood at a time when much of his family destitute.Three daughters - Jenny Longuet, Laura Marx and Eleanor Marx - married socialists in France and England.Son Jenny Longuet - a member of the Socialist Party of France.
So, we told you about this great man like Karl Marx.Biography (brief summary of his life and creativity) gives only a superficial understanding of it.We have described the major events to encourage the reader to further explore this interesting person.
biography of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the Soviet times was part of the compulsory program of many schools.Now the study of the lives of these people are engaged mainly in historians and economists.However, they developed the idea of great interest.It would be very interesting to get acquainted with a man like Karl Marx.Biography, interesting facts about it, the writings and ideas - all the pages of history, which can be a long time to learn.
