In recent times, at all levels, both in Russia and in Ukraine and in other countries of the former Soviet Union began to use the phrase "fifth column."What does it mean, and what a threat to society bears?
history
emergence of the term under review, the expression is associated with the civil war in Spain.Then the republican regime resisted fascist General Franco.In 1936, Franco began an offensive on the capital of Spain.In order to intimidate the enemy by radio was transferred performance of one of the generals, the dictator E. Mola.He said that in addition to the four military convoys going to the city under the leadership of various generals in Madrid are supporters of the new regime, which will act in due time.These spies he called the "fifth column".In Russia, as in the past, and are now actively used the image of the internal enemy.We draw a historical review and find out what the fifth column in Russia and whether it poses a real threat to the state?
intervention of foreign powers in the internal affairs of Russia
fact that each state has its own geopolitical and economic interests - has long been known to all the truth.But not everyone understands that a strong Russia economically and politically - is an undesirable time for many countries.Why is that?Because Russian colossus, unpredictable and strong state, scares developed countries see in it a competitor, which is necessary to ease any cost.Therefore, advanced power and unleashed a war by proxy (for example, Russian-Turkish 1806-1812.), And domestic policies have been actively involved.For example, a coup d'état perpetrated by a handful of nobles in 1801 was directly paid for by Britain, and it is a recognized fact.Then there was no term "fifth column", but her methods were used extensively.Why did England have to get rid of Paul?And because he is in league with Napoleon planned to organize a campaign to India and generally oppose the hegemony of England in the world.Skillfully using the discontent of the nobles rule of Paul I, Britain decided their problems with their hands.
twentieth century
go to the twentieth century.Was there a fifth column in Russia in the last century?The First World War has undermined its economy and provoked a new crisis.After the February Revolution, Nicholas turned to his family from the royal houses of England with a request to his family, but was refused.Why is that?A weak interim government could not cope with the situation in the country and the Allies demanded that all the new offensive at the front.The coming to power of the Bolsheviks caused a civil war, foreigners immediately began to "help" white movement.But would they really help?There are words of White Russian general that anyone other than Russian, do not need a great Russia.The power of the Bolsheviks was to destroy the country, but it did not work very well.Created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics became the new giant, which, again, feared and dreamed to destroy, divide.Its collapse had both internal and external causes.No wonder that the US president has congratulated his people to win the Cold War after the Soviet collapse.
other side of the coin
Despite the fact that the existing giant, the Soviet Union, frightened developed countries, and perhaps they had their agents in its territory, yet the scale of fighting "pests" exceeded all conceivable limits."Enemies of the people" - the terminology of the Soviet era could replace the term "fifth column".This same influence agents working against their country for the benefit of another.Most of them have not only the ideological motives, but also more materialistic - personal benefit.However, in the Soviet era as the enemies of the people have suffered a lot in no way guilty people.In addition, the presence of an internal enemy can always be a good excuse for any failure of the policy of state authorities, explaining the existence of economic problems and an occasion to unite citizens.Thus, the "fifth column" - it may be a good excuse for a strict policy in power.
Russia in the 90s
Keeping all of the above, try to see the current political situation and determine whether it is possible to consider such a thing as "the fifth column of Russia" in the current situation.One of the basic principles of the dialectic requires to study the phenomenon in the development and historical context.So let's start with the collapse of the USSR.Russia's position in the world can not be called otherwise than as weak.The foreign ministers, who replaced "Mister No" Gromyko, made concessions on all the requirements of the United States and the West after the leaders of the country.In exchange, Russia received international recognition and, in the words of Putin, the right to sit with the major powers at meetings of the "Big Eight" and the like.
current political situation
There is a perception on the sole management of global processes on the part of the United States.Proof of this is enough.But as soon as the Russian Federation started to assert its strategic interests and contrary to the "world dictator", he immediately started talking about the terrible aggressive Russia.The situation today is that the international community condemns the Russian Federation on all counts.At the same time formed the fear of the country and Putin personally.What the Russian government in this situation?The selection can be: come to terms with their situation a second-rate power and surrender to the "winners" or to defend their interests through.What is the fifth column in this situation?It is not just the opposition and the forces that weaken the state from within and rocking the political situation in a very dangerous time for the country.The situation is similar to the idea of "defeatists" during the First World War, pro defeat in the war of their own state.
Crimean crisis
Before the spring of 2014 in Russia there was opposition, which opposed the existing political regime.Some of these forces took part in the legal political struggle through elections.Other, such as the world-famous "Puxi Wright" acts via PR actions, abscesses in trouble and exposing the authorities as a statement against freedom of speech.The protest on Bolotnaya Square in Moscow, organized by the Allies A. Navalny was a serious attempt to raise public discontent.But only in connection with the Crimean issue again revived the term "fifth column".By and large, it includes all who opposed the annexation of Crimea to Russia.In this rather large group came in quite a motley crowd, which ambiguously assessed the accession of the Crimean peninsula.
attempts to make a list of the fifth column
So, most of the Russian population and political leaders welcomed the accession of the Ukraine in the form of the Crimea to Russia.Therefore, it is clearly demonstrated negative attitudes towards people who expressed their protest against the actions of the Russian authorities.They are not so much, but nevertheless, many of them quite influential people.Because of the lower chamber of parliament four people: Valery Zubov, Ilya Ponomarev, Sergey Petrov and Dmitry Gudkov.They were joined by Boris Nemtsov, Yavlinsky Novodvorskaya.The big surprise was the position of all of your favorite artists such as Yuri Shevchuk, A. Makarevich, who immediately spoke out against the invasion of Russian troops in the Crimea, considering all that has happened, the annexation.Many of the members of our creative elite were afraid that thus unleash a war between Ukraine and Russia.This, apparently, wrote and BG on his page on "Facebook", urging nations not to quarrel.As long as the war goes on the Ukrainian east.The issue with the Crimea hung in the air.
reality of the internal enemy
presence of the opposition in the society - this is normal.Any democracy advocates pluralism, including opinions.The application of measures of state coercion dissent - a sign of totalitarianism.Can it be said that the authorities pursue, for example, the group "Okean Elzy" or other groups and personalities opposed to the dominant policy?Artists themselves deny this fact.But going the other.Different social forces, sometimes even very extremist, trying to untie the persecution of so-called fifth column.At the same time, public opinion may criticize any position, including the opposition.But the most widely used in the media and political debates of the term "fifth column" - that is, if not an escalation of social tension and not a call to deal with pests, enemies of the people, cosmopolitans and so on?
