At different times, Russia's neighbors were different.In the largest country in the world - the largest number of bordering countries: 18 countries - rich and poor, the weak and the mighty, and not very friendly.
dissimilar
The total length of the border with them, close to 70 thousand kilometers.History changed, some states become part of Russia, the other out of its membership.This is a required process by changing the political system.
These neighbors of Russia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia are breakaway republics;The US and Japan have a great power only water borders.38 of the 85 subjects of the Russian Federation, along its borders, side by side with one, two, or three states.These rich neighbors in overseas regions include Altai Krai (Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia) and the Pskov region (neighbors Estonia, Latvia, Belarus).
neighbors with a common boundary
all states located in the immediate vicinity, neighbors are divided into first and second order.Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, North Korea, and 2 countries with sea borders - the US and Japan - they all refer to the notion of "Russia's neighbors of the first order".Very few synonyms for the word denoting a state bordering the country.And these names are subjective - Mezhakov, pripolschik, scraper.In the days of the Warsaw Pact countries, it included, it could be called a sister.The same applies to China and North Korea.It is not easy to explain which countries - Russia's neighbors are the second order.Not afraid of a tautology, we can say that it is the neighbors first, the above-mentioned countries.Land borders, in this case 22 and 2 sea.
the world's longest sea borders
biggest the country has the longest and the world's maritime borders.The distance is nearly 20 000 kilometers is the northern edge of Russia, stretching along the shores of the Arctic Ocean.The second-longest sea border lies in the east, washing the Pacific Ocean.
neighbors to the south
Southern neighbors of Russia - this is Mongolia, China, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Abkhazia and South Ossetia.To the south runs the longest land border with Kazakhstan, whose importance for our country it is difficult to overestimate.Republic occupies the territory of the 9 th place in the world, and the first among the major countries that have no outlet to the ocean.Capital - rebuilt the city of Astana.On the territory of the republic is the border between Europe and Asia.Located at the intersection of two worlds, rich in fertile land and minerals of the country absorbs all the best, and is growing rapidly.Kazakhstan is one of the Customs Union, and in the full sense of the word justify the notion of "close neighbors of Russia."
Partner States
special neighbor for Russia, of course, is China, and not just because its economy is forecast by the end of 2014 will be the first in the world.The country ranks first in the list of "Russia's neighbors" in Asia and is a strategic partner of our country.Good neighborly relations between Beijing and Moscow, without exaggeration, play a crucial role on the world stage and contribute to the establishment of a new world order.The two states have a lot of internal contradictions and problems, and also better overcome using common experience.
Good relations with neighbors -
state policy for the Russian Federation is very important to have good relations with all neighboring countries.Their establishment and consolidation of a public policy.Unfortunately, southern Russia's neighbors, such as Azerbaijan and Georgia, occupied not entirely peaceful position.A thousand years side by side in peace and harmony live Mongolia and Russia.Picture these relations can serve as a wonderful film Nikita Mikhalkov's "Urga - Territory of Love".China and Russia do not just close Mezhakov this country, it is - the only of its neighbors.It is therefore important peace and mutual understanding in this triune union.No less important is it in relations with the breakaway South Ossetia and Abkhazia, which in general all future lies with Russia alone.
Northern neighbors
As noted above, the longest border of our state held on the shores of the northern seas - the Laptev, Kara, East Siberian, White and Barents.A marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean is between Russia and Alaska, USA poluesklavom.Thus, the northern neighbors of Russia - a country located on the shores of the Arctic.These include Iceland, Norway, Denmark (Greenland), the United States and Canada.
Arctic Ocean had a lot of names.At various times it was called the North, Scythian, Tatar.On the Russian maps XVII-XVIII centuries it has also been a few signs - Sea-Ocean, Arctic, Polar Sea, and others. Hyperborean, he was named in 1650 geographer Varenius.Far North has long been considered the birthplace of the god of cold winds Boreas, and therefore received the appropriate name of the ocean.The prefix "hyper" refers to its size.That is something on its shores, and to place all the neighbors to the north of Russia.even at the North Pole, which is located in the center of the Arctic Ocean (the name adopted in 1935), the flag of Russia.And Norway is both a northern and western border state.
neighbors to the west
Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine and Belarus - is Russia's western neighbors.With the two of them, namely, Lithuania and Poland, poluesklav borders (land, which has no common border with a country, but coming out to the sea) - Kaliningrad region.With all the countries in this list, except for Belarus, a member of the Customs Union and is a good close neighbor, Russia in different periods of time in a state of war.After the collapse of the Soviet Union, its former Baltic republics, despite their more than modest in absolutely all spheres of possibilities, set unfriendly.But only the revenues from tourists from Russia can significantly replenish their budget.
Russia - a good neighbor profitable
have to say with regret that not all geographically close to Russia's neighbors are her friends.History teaches nothing ... No matter how people filled their foreheads, stepping on the same rake, they still forget that "bad peace is better than a good war";that is lost from the obvious benefits of peaceful coexistence;that terrible post-war complexes, and from then cured for a long time entire nations;it's worth listening to his own advice visionaries.Russia - the great, original, rich country and a good relationship with her can carry invaluable dividends reasonable neighbors.
Summarizing
So western neighbors Russia of the first order are Norway and Finland, Estonia and Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, Ukraine and Belarus.Second order - Sweden, Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania.
Southern neighbors of the first order the following countries: China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia.Countries neighboring the second order - Moldova, Turkey and Iran.These include four former Soviet republics - Armenia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.As well as Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and South Korea.
In the east, Russia in the extreme northern and southern points of the two neighbors have a first-order boundary which runs along the sea - the US and Japan.
remains to the north.There is a neighbor of the first order, Canada, and the second order - Mexico.
turns out that Denmark and Iceland, although they are located on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, are not at all of Russia's neighbors.
