What to do during an earthquake?

Any natural disasters cause panic among the population.In order to avoid improper actions, everyone should know how to behave during such situations.One of the most common natural phenomena is an earthquake.It is impossible to prevent, but can save your life.The main thing is not to succumb to panic and keep the public sober mind.But to understand what to do in an earthquake, it is necessary to know that this is a cataclysm.

Classification of earthquakes, depending on points

There Specialized scale earthquake that measures magnitude and intensity.Last calculated scores, which are set by the deformation of the crust and the degree of destruction of surface buildings and structures.Consider more dvenadtsatiballnuyu Mercalli Intensity Scale:

1 - Such shocks do not notice people only high-precision machines to respond to minor fluctuations in the Earth's crust.
2 - Vibrations felt by the residents of high-rises.Others do not pay attention to this phenomenon.
3 - Noticeable vibration occurs on the upper floors of high-rise buildings.Can swinging chandeliers, shakes the water in the glass.Cars parked in the parking lot, because of the significant fluctuations including signaling.
4 - can be described as an earthquake of moderate intensity.Everyone who is in the room, always will feel the movement of earth plates.Doors and windows are beginning to be loosened, and the glass emit a distinctive ringing.This is especially noticeable in the middle of the night, many awake.
5 - This earthquake did not go unnoticed, everyone feels the vibrations of the earth's surface.In many homes there are cracks in the windows, falling objects from the shelves.
6 - Fluctuations cause public panic.Everyone starts to run out into the streets, and pieces of furniture to move independently around the apartment.On the shelves are falling heavy objects.Even the trees emit a characteristic rustling of leaves, heard the crackling trunks.
7 - Sufficiently strong earthquake that knocks down a man.Many of the buildings are covered with cracks, collapses unstable ground.The water in the lakes and rivers of the cloudy sharply raised from the bottom of the sludge.Furniture breaks, beats utensils.
8 - The earthquake that destroys the building.Branches of trees are broken, the earth cracks beneath their feet.

9 - catastrophic situation, during which destroyed the building and killed a lot of people.Dam collapse under the pressure of burst water pipes.
10 - The Earth is not just a range, it moves, and whole cities are collapsing.As a rule, a few hours before the disaster are beginning to panic animals that foresee a quick death.In soil, formed a huge crack, the water pouring out of the rivers and lakes.Rails susceptible strain.
11 - Almost all buildings are destroyed, only single buildings unable to resist.Railway tracks are deformed to kilometers.
12 - real catastrophe that destroys all living things.Even the rivers are changing, and the blue of the earth begin to beat fountains.Formed entirely new lake, the landscape is transformed beyond recognition.

higher scale earthquakes, the harder it is to correct the consequences.During a time of great disaster killed whole cities, people remain homeless.Their houses are transformed into ruins, but from the rubble rescuers a long time take out the bodies.

How is the magnitude

earthquake magnitude is set based on the received data for precise measuring instruments - seismograph.Its more common name - the Richter scale.It was developed in 1935, and has since been widely used by professionals around the world.That is the amount of energy that is released during the disaster is taken into account in this scale.

Here are the basic numbers, which set the magnitude of any earthquake:

2,0 - very slight tremors, which can be noted not all residents;
4,5 - moderate fluctuations in the earth, causing the movement of objects and minor destruction;
6,0 - shocks such force that destroyed the building (during these difficult for people to stand on their feet);
8,5 - disastrous (whole cities become just a pile of garbage).

Scientists believe that the world can not happen disasters of higher magnitude than 9.0.

better to prevent than to correct

Competent protection of the population from earthquakes significantly reduces the overall percentage of the victims.If the focus of possible future disaster, be sure to evacuate people.But in any case, everyone should take care of their own security.You have to be ready all the time to this incident and know exactly what to do during an earthquake.

For starters take preparatory measures to help cope with panic and unforeseen natural disasters.If you live in a seismically hazardous area, the house must be a standard set of objects that are designed to survive in a dangerous situation.Be sure to collect all the documents and keep them in a prominent place.The most important rule

Consider the basic steps of preparation for disaster, as well as what to do during an earthquake:

in your home should always be in a conspicuous place a first aid kit with all the necessary medicines.Be sure to place a lighter and radio, running on battery power.
Purchase a small fire extinguisher, check its serviceability.
situations may be different, so it's better to know the basic rules of first aid.In an emergency, you should be able on their own to help others, and himself, to take the necessary medicines and put tires on the place of fracture.
At the slightest shocks immediately block the cranes delivered to your home gas, water and electricity.
heavy furniture is better to attach securely to the floor so as not to be crushed by wardrobe favorite.
Always keep in sight and evacuation plan, consider where best to hide with all family members.
not keep on the shelves of heavy and breakable objects.
Keep a supply of water (at least a small jar with them).

actions and safety rules during an earthquake

Everyone primarily provides its own security on their own in an earthquake.If you feel the tremors, it is not worth trying to move into a state of panic.If you are in the room, it is better to choose a safe area and lay down on the floor.Do not forget to protect your head with your arms and fragments from possible falling objects.Do not get up until you are sure that the tremors stopped completely.

According to statistics, a lot of people die from the shock of falling objects.It cabinets, televisions, and so heavy statues. N. From the crumbling buildings can be saved, the main thing - to choose the right tactics.In any case, keep calm and do not run down the street or across the room.

observe all the rules in the earthquake, rescuers are being developed, and then you save your own life.Be sure to lie down on the floor and move only by crawling.Standing on your feet, you are sure to get much more serious damage.

If you live in a dilapidated brick building, the snap at the slightest tremors documents and run into the street.Try not to stand near the skyscrapers and trees to an open safe area.

Non-standard situations and how they survive

Follow all safety measures during an earthquake.If you are in a crowded public transport, it is better to leave it and take a horizontal position.

Even being in the elevator suggests that people lie on the floor.Thus, you can protect yourself.Once all the stops, exit on the first floor and run into the street.If the doors are locked, and you feel that the building has undergone significant destruction, wait for rescue aid.

While at the stadium or at the theater remain in place and cover your head with your hands.In this situation, a high risk of dying from the hustle, so do not panic and try to reassure others.

If you are driving, then stop the car in a safe place.Next there should be buildings, lampposts and bridges.After that, do not go out, stay in the car.It is best to turn the radio on and listen to the recommendations of the authorities for further action.

every urban and rural residents should know the safety rules during an earthquake.If your home is located near the dam, move a safe distance from it.When you are in a mountainous area Make sure to be as far away from the hills.

man who moves in a wheelchair, lock the wheels should stroller, otherwise they will start to spin on their own, and this situation will lead to uncontrollable unpleasant consequences.

Compliance with the above rules will ensure maximum safety during earthquakes.

What is prohibited?

Most people die because of wrong actions.They unknowingly expose their lives a great danger.Remember that it is impossible to do in an earthquake:

not move through the building and do not try to rush out into the street, if you live on the top floor;
in any case, do not stand in the doorways;
do not panic and act without any fuss.

These actions certainly provoke adverse situations that will endanger your life.Now you know what to do during an earthquake and how much better not to lead.

main action after the earthquake

not always protect the public from the earthquake has been successful, often terrible consequences of the disaster and requires round the clock emergency services.Specialists take out people from the rubble and provide emergency medical care.If close to yourself you can hear people talking, but you can not move, be sure to post a sign, shout struggling.

Zavala are cleared after the rescue of the population.Fetches heavy machinery through which transported the debris of destroyed buildings.

If a disaster does happen, what to do?Rescuers are advised to behave as follows:

Try to stand up and inspect all parts of the body, you may have a painful shock.
Look around, find out whether there are people around you who can not get up on their own.Help them to get out from under the rubble.
Reassure children and keep them in sight, explain that parents will be found soon.It is necessary to take the kids until they arrive child psychologists and other specialized care.
Check whether there was a gas leak, and at the slightest scent leave the room (may explode).
not panic and be prepared for aftershocks.

only sure action will save your life.You should always know exactly what to do during an earthquake.If possible, turn on the radio.Listen carefully to what to do during an earthquake.The state rescue service at the slightest danger to get in touch with the population.The only way to prevent large-scale loss of life.

main thing - to behave properly and to be able to comfort others.Panic aggravates the situation.Only the well-thought-out action save lives.

most devastating earthquakes in history

1139 - a catastrophe in Ganja.There was a shock force of 11 points.Killed more than 200 thousand people.
1202 - a natural disaster in Syria and Egypt.Killed about 1 million people.Earthquake recorded in the Guinness Book of Records as the most destructive in history.
1556 - the victims of the earthquake in China were about 850,000 people.
1737 - as a result of a strong push in India killed nearly 300 thousand people.
1883 - eruption of Krakatoa entailed one of the largest earthquakes in history.Killed more than 40 thousand inhabitants of the islands of Java and Sumatra.
1950 - the earthquake in India was so strong that the seismic instruments read off scale, and were unable to establish the magnitude of the oscillation.After five days of continuous jolts eastern India in ruins.Killed 6 thousand. Man, t. To. Is not shaking in a densely populated area.
1995 - tremors in 10 points claimed the lives of thousands of residents of Sakhalin.City Neftegorsk disappeared from the face of the Earth.
2010 - shook in Haiti.Killed 150 thousand people.
2011 - the terrible earthquake in Japan caused the tsunami, a large radiation leak and the deaths of about 30 thousand people.