That finished elementary school.This, at first glance, a simple event is fraught with a lot of stones problem.And most importantly, parents forget that this event is associated with the end of childhood in children.
After the summer holidays the children go to school in a new capacity, mid-level students.They feel more grown up.Their first day of school is more like a state of euphoria.After students have met after a long vacation.They have something to talk to each other, have something to share.Children experience a flow of energy and effort, they think that they are ready to accept all the innovations that have appeared in the school of life.But this state lasts usually short, approximately 1-2 weeks, no more.And then the mood is sharply reduced, especially after the first independent and control.At school rolls wave of "joyless" everyday life, lower scores than they were in elementary school.And this goes also a fear of "What will tell mum and dad?" And then comes the most difficult period of adaptation.
Parents can often tell a lot about how their child is getting used to the kindergarten, how many problems of adaptation was when he went to the first class.But if you ask them about the child-fifth-grader and its problems in adapting to school, this issue may cause confusion.Parents just do not know about these issues, believing that the child is an adult and he is able to solve them.But it is precisely this period that coincides with the beginning of the transition in adolescence is the school of life is very difficult.The child has grown up, become independent, but still adapting a fifth-grader at the school requires tangible assistance from their parents.
transition to secondary school link for any child - is an important stage in his life.He is going through a certain kind of stress, because now the conditions of his education are suffering the changes necessary for them to adapt.How to successfully pass this adjustment depends on many factors and not only on the child.
What is adaptation and maladjustment
In simple words, the adaptation - is the body's ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions.This term can be attributed to both the physiological condition and the psychological.Let's talk about the latter.
Psychological adaptation of fifth-graders - the ability of students to invent new ways of behavior, depending on the situation, you have to be flexible.In this case, flexibility should be understood as a personal quality.Its availability depends on different factors, but primarily on the experience.
Adaptation fifth graders - a complex process, which is due to certain reasons could go badly.And then there is the opposite effect, called maladjustment.
disadaptation Types of fifth graders
- Emotional - manifested in anxious behavior, feelings about school activities, inexplicable fear of the teacher or classmates.
- behavioral - a child behaves inappropriately: shows aggression, indiscipline, often the instigator of conflict.
- Intelligent - characterized by a low level of motivation regarding the study, the reluctance to continue their education.
- Communicative - expressed in the alarm and the closed position, which does not allow the child to effectively build relationships with adults and peers.
Factors affecting adaptation fifth graders
adaptation fifth graders analysis shows that there are certain factors that have a direct impact on the success of completing this process.As parents and teachers is important to be knowledgeable in this area, to be able in time to help your child.Adaptation of fifth graders is divided into external and internal.
The external factors may include adaptation
- Influence of environmental conditions.
- Features of the organization of the learning process.
- Competence pedagogical influences.
- Adequacy of training requirements.
- Features of education in the family.
- employment opportunities for extracurricular activities.
internal adaptation factors include
- Features personal warehouse child: sociability, a tendency to the appearance of independence and organization.
- health.
- The development of the intellectual sphere.
- Motivation to learn.
- The ability to maintain the health of high-level long period of time.
Signs of successful and unsuccessful adaptation passed
There are a number of features that can be guided by implementing the analysis of adaptation fifth graders.It is necessary, in time to detect the problem and be able to help your child in a timely manner.
Attributes successfully completed adaptation
- Satisfaction child social contacts and interpersonal communication within the school community.
- Positive attitude of the student in the process of conducting lessons.
- The child does not arise any difficulties in the assimilation of educational material.
- Sufficient level of autonomy in preparing homework.
Signs maladjustment include
- Disorders of psycho-physiological nature (disturbed sleep, heavy lifting in the morning, frequent headaches, sluggish conditions, chronic fatigue flowing).
- Dissatisfaction about the relationship with classmates, fear of the teacher.
- Hiding emotions, reluctance to talk about their experiences.
Why have difficulty adapting fifth graders
transition to secondary school - a period when the child gradually starts to aspire to the independent decision of the difficulties and challenges of life.We must remember that the adaptation of fifth graders at the school associated with changes not only in physiological terms, but also in the mental.Display a sense of growing makes the child to assert its independence.At the same time there is a desire to resist the advice and instructions of senior denying almost any of their influence.
As a fifth grader is on the threshold of adolescence, he has a desire to stand out among the school community, to become a benchmark for others.To do this, the child begins to look for the character or family member on whom he could keep the alignment, to imitate him.
During this period, the child appears criticality, which is closely linked to the emerging self-esteem.There are the beginnings of reflection (the tendency to self-analysis, self-education).On the basis of theoretical reflection and emerging kinds of thinking in the child develops their own opinion and view on different issues.
role of parents in the process of adaptation
At the beginning of the school year to teachers, it is desirable to hold a special parent meeting.Adaptation of fifth graders - a rather multi-structured process that involves all of life of the child.Therefore, at this meeting of the parent should be given the most attention to this very subject.It is important that the class teacher was able to correctly convey all the nuances of parents and aspects of this complex process, as an adaptation to middle managers.After all, it depends on the parents most of the successful course of the child's adaptation.
Parents need to know that in this period the child requires their support, in particular, the unconditional acceptance of him and his actions.Do not get too scold a child for misconduct or unsatisfactory rating.Much better would be if the parents will meet their child and try to help him to correct the situation.Adaptation of fifth graders at the school will proceed much more successful if parents can create for your child's daily routine and a clear will closely monitor its implementation.
How can teachers help
process of getting used to the changes should take place in a complex, and for its successful completion require assistance subject teachers and class teacher.In August, before the start of the school year for teachers to be teachers' meeting held on the adaptation of fifth-graders, which must be necessarily considered topical issues within the topic.
In order to prevent the possible occurrence of an uncomfortable condition in children, the class teacher must first take care of creating the optimal psychological climate in the classroom.This can be achieved if the seating of children at their desks to try to take into account their psychological compatibility, the wishes of parents, as well as the individual characteristics of each.It bears will also hold a small tour for kids in school classrooms, where they will learn.Such tactics can help relieve stress and undue anxiety in students.
Also, do not forget that an important role in solving the problems of the adaptation period plays a parents' meeting.Adaptation of fifth graders should be one of the key issues to be illuminated throughout the adaptation period, which lasts about a year.
Important aspects of psychological diagnosis
important role played by diagnosis adaptation fifth graders.The techniques that are used for this purpose, are intended not only to show the current status of the child, but also help in predicting the occurrence of future problems.In addition, such techniques can provide information about the reasons that prevent successful adaptation processes take place.
clear that all methods should conduct specialist with psychological education.On the basis of this work, he should make a special document-certificate entitled "Adaptation of fifth graders."Help of this kind may include a program for the study of this phenomenon, the transfer of the methods used, as well as the interpretation of the results and the main recommendations of teachers and parents.
Psychologist need to remember that all methods must be valid, that is, meet the age characteristics of children, as well as study the issue.Otherwise, the psychologist will get distorted results of diagnosis, his assistance in this case will be equal to zero.
questionnaire which is acceptable to apply in this case
Undoubtedly, one of the most complex processes that occur in the school, - an adaptation of fifth graders.Diagnosis in this case should include diverse tests and techniques.It is well established various kinds of special questionnaires.Immediately I must say that the teachers' council adaptation fifth graders, of course, gives teachers an idea of what signs match successfully completed adaptation of pupils.But only some knowledge of teachers can not be relied on in assessing the psychological state of students, so the use of techniques becomes necessary.
Questionnaires
- «relationship with academic subjects."
- «Emotion at school."
- «Features of the ideal teacher."
Questionnaire "Drinking school subjects" tend to give information about the child's aptitudes and abilities.Through the questionnaire "Emotion in school" can determine the level of adaptation of the whole class, not a single student."Features of the ideal teacher" - this is a technique that can help teachers identify errors that prevent the successful adaptation of pupils.
Technique "Coloured letters»
Do not forget that during the period of transition in the middle tier child is experiencing a lot of stress, which is called "adaptation fifth graders."The techniques work very well when aimed at the sphere of the unconscious child.One such option is the method of "colored letters."It enables a psychologist to get information about the availability of psychological comfort or discomfort to students in a variety of lessons.In addition, using this method can identify the most stressful schoolwork for each individual child.
Test is provided as a form on which are printed on the left side the name of the studied school subjects, and the right - a chain of empty squares.The psychologist asks the students to take crayons and in front of each item to paint any color box.The colors may be repeated.After that, a specialist conducts processing of the data, based on the color values of Luscher and prescribes guidelines for the adaptation of fifth graders.Recommendations of the psychologist must be followed by teachers and parents, as it can greatly help your child.
«Open letter to parents»
process that occurs during the transition of children from the lower ranks in the middle - this is an inevitable adaptation of fifth graders.Diagnosis must necessarily be based on a comprehensive study of a particular class or a particular child.To get objective results, you should use multiple methods simultaneously.
«Open Letter to Parents" - this is a technique that aims to deliberate the scope of the student.It is one of the most frequently used, because it is usually the parents a child can be more candid than with other adults.This makes it possible to obtain accurate results.
Blank student response contains the beginning of proposals that it should continue.They are all focused on his school life.In particular, this test gives information on some level of adaptation, usually on the social and psychological.In addition, this technique reveals the features of the relationship with the student classmates and teachers, and in some cases helps to identify the causes of exclusion.
We must not forget that the psychologist should strive to conduct complex work that makes diagnosis adaptation fifth graders.Procedures should be chosen very wisely, taking into account the age characteristics of children.
test proposed Filllipsom
This technique is very relevant for the fifth graders, as they often feel a sense of uncertainty, fear, excitement, which, of course, has a negative impact on their general state of health and the process of learning.
Phillips Methods used to determine the level of anxiety children associated with staying in school, and also gives an idea about the possible causes of such a state.This test is very deployed can answer the question of how the adaptation is successful fifth graders.The technique works equally effective for average and for primary school age.The test has 58 questions, so it should be conducting when the students are not very tired from lessons.For each question, students have to give either a positive or negative answer.After the psychologist methodology calculates the results, using the key to the test, and of interpretation.It is very convenient to provide the already processed data in diagrammatic form, so just be good noticeable difference in performance.
This problem is an adaptation of fifth graders, requires greater attention on the part of teachers and by parents.We can not let this process take its course, it is imperative to follow the mental comfort of the child and try to control his emotional state.After all, how successful will be passed this stage in a child's life depends not only on the quality of ongoing assimilation of knowledge, but also the whole attitude to study and work.
