planning in management is one of the most important and basic functions.In the broadest sense of the concept of "planning management" means activities aimed at identifying specific goals and objectives for the organization (enterprise) as well as the distribution or redistribution of the necessary resources for the implementation and realization of the planning of tasks.
There are more narrow and specific concept of the term - drawing up the necessary documents to explain how to coordinate the actions of the staff, combined production processes aimed at the efficient organization of production.
In terms of planning in management can be divided into:
Long-term planning, which covers a period of not less than five years, the essence and meaning of this type of planning is to develop targeted programs for the future, it is also sometimes referred to as strategic planning;
Medium-term planning provides for the development of plans for a period of one to five years, it is called tactical planning in management;
Short-term planning in the management involves the development of plans for periods less than one year, as a rule, such operational plans may include activities even for one day.
This sure when planning for different terms all plans for shorter-term planning should include specific steps or part of the activities described in the planning of one level higher.The only thing that all the plans of the larger (long-term) to the short-term need to disclose more details and the details of each event.
Now for the species plan is in the planning.
Firstly, there are "plans target", they are used usually in an uncertain long time to planning.
There are also plans for providing repetitive and traditional events.Such plans provide a standard schedule, but can be expanded settlements in case of force majeure.For non-recurring and non-standard measures, a special specific plans.Their content and structure depends entirely on the situation.
Planning Management also has some principles.
Firstly, in this event involved the largest possible number of employees, which allows high quality to cover all sectors of activity and thereby significantly improve the work efficiency.
next principle is continuity planning.That is, the plans must be constantly corrected and supplemented and thereby pushing implementation period of innovation for the future, which will coordinate the activities of departments and clearly see the direction of the company.
Based on the previous principle of continuity comes next - flexibility.The implementation of this principle allows for the adjustment of plans according to the current situation at the moment and the situation.
Further plans must be cost-effective, ie the cost of their preparation should not be greater than that obtained by the benefits and revenues.
And the last principle of planning is the reinforcement of any plan the necessary material and financial means equipment and personnel.
addition to planning management uses two main methods.The first is the method of budget planning - is a tabular presentation of the material way, he is able to reflect all income and distribution (redistribution) of resources of departments and areas of the organization.And the second way is to balance - it is a coordination of all expenses and income for a certain period of time (reporting).Constituting the plan on the basis of the balance of which is a spreadsheet document, reflecting all sources of income and expenditure, their size and cost.
So we brought above the basic concepts and planning framework used in the enterprise management.Using them, you can build a planning process to efficiently and effectively.By the way, according to many experts in the field of management planning and control allows the processes and controls as a function of management is one of the key points of a successful business and production.
